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Book/Chapter4/Figures/example-of-tree-to-string-rule-and-word-alignment.tex
...@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ ...@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@
\end{pgfonlayer} \end{pgfonlayer}
{ {
\node [anchor=south] (rule1label) at ([xshift=1em]rule1s.north west) {\footnotesize\sffamily\bfseries{\red{正确的规则}}}; \node [anchor=south] (rule1label) at ([xshift=1em]rule1s.north west) {{\footnotesize\red{正确的规则}}};
} }
{ {
\node [anchor=north west,align=left] (rule2label) at (rule2s.north east) {\footnotesize{\sffamily\bfseries{\color{blue} 错误的规则}}\\\footnotesize{因为``satisfied''会}\\\footnotesize{对齐到规则外，}\\\footnotesize{也就是这条规则}\\\footnotesize{与词对齐不相容}}; \node [anchor=north west,align=left] (rule2label) at (rule2s.north east) {\footnotesize{{\color{blue} 错误的规则}}\\\footnotesize{因为``satisfied''会}\\\footnotesize{对齐到规则外，}\\\footnotesize{也就是这条规则}\\\footnotesize{与词对齐不相容}};
} }
\end{scope} \end{scope}
......
Book/Chapter5/chapter5.tex
...@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ f(x)=\begin{cases} 0 & x\le 0 \\x & x>0\end{cases} ...@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ f(x)=\begin{cases} 0 & x\le 0 \\x & x>0\end{cases}
\begin{figure}[htp] \begin{figure}[htp]
\centering \centering
\input{./Chapter5/Figures/fig-save} \input{./Chapter5/Figures/fig-save}
\caption{1阶、2阶、3阶张量的物理存储} \caption{1阶(a)、2阶(b)、3阶张量(c)的物理存储}
\label{fig:save} \label{fig:save}
\end{figure} \end{figure}
%------------------------------------------- %-------------------------------------------
......
Book/Chapter7/Chapter7.tex
...@@ -1646,7 +1646,7 @@ L_{\textrm{seq}} = - \textrm{logP}_{\textrm{s}}(\hat{\textbf{y}} | \textbf{x}) ...@@ -1646,7 +1646,7 @@ L_{\textrm{seq}} = - \textrm{logP}_{\textrm{s}}(\hat{\textbf{y}} | \textbf{x})
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item 无指导机器翻译。无指导机器翻译由于其不需要双语语料即可训练翻译模型的特性，在稀缺资源机器翻译的场景中有非常大的潜力而得到广泛的关注。目前无指导机器翻译主要有两种范式：第一种先得到词典的翻译，然后得到短语表的翻译和相应的统计机器翻译系统，最后使用统计机器翻译系统生成伪双语平行语料训练神经机器翻译系统\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/ArtetxeLA19}；第二种是先预训练语言模型来初始化神经机器翻译系统的编码器和解码器，然后使用翻译中回译以及降噪自编码器来训练神经机器翻译系统\cite{lample2019cross}。尽管目前无指导机器翻译在富资源的语种上取得了很大进展，但是离实际应用还有很远距离。比如，目前无指导系统都依赖于大量单语数据，而实际上稀缺资源的语种不但双语语料少，单语语料也少；此外，这些系统还无法在远距离如中英这些字母表重合少，需要大范围调序的语种对上取得可接受的结果；使用大量单语训练无指导系统还面临数据来自于不同领域的问题\cite{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2004-05516}。设计更鲁棒，使用单语数据更高效的无指导机器翻译方法乃至新范式会是未来的趋势。 \item 无指导机器翻译。无指导机器翻译由于其不需要双语语料即可训练翻译模型的特性，在稀缺资源机器翻译的场景中有非常大的潜力而得到广泛的关注。目前无指导机器翻译主要有两种范式：第一种先得到词典的翻译，然后得到短语表的翻译和相应的统计机器翻译系统，最后使用统计机器翻译系统生成伪双语平行语料训练神经机器翻译系统\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/ArtetxeLA19}；第二种是先预训练语言模型来初始化神经机器翻译系统的编码器和解码器，然后使用翻译中回译以及降噪自编码器来训练神经机器翻译系统\cite{lample2019cross}。尽管目前无指导机器翻译在富资源的语种上取得了很大进展，但是离实际应用还有很远距离。比如，目前无指导系统都依赖于大量单语数据，而实际上稀缺资源的语种不但双语语料少，单语语料也少；此外，这些系统还无法在远距离如中英这些字母表重合少，需要大范围调序的语种对上取得可接受的结果；使用大量单语训练无指导系统还面临数据来自于不同领域的问题\cite{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2004-05516}。设计更鲁棒，使用单语数据更高效的无指导机器翻译方法乃至新范式会是未来的趋势。
\vspace{0.5em} \vspace{0.5em}
\item 更多上下文信息的建模，多模态、基于树的模型、篇章翻译。由于人类语言潜在的歧义性，传统的神经机器翻译在单句翻译中可能会出现歧义。为此，一些研究工作在翻译过程中尝试引入更多的上下文信息，比如多模态翻译、基于树的翻译或者篇章级翻译。多模态翻译的目标就是在给定一个图片和其源语描述的情况下，生成目标语言的描述。一般做法就是通过一个额外的编码器来提取图像特征\cite{elliott2015multilingual,DBLP:conf/acl/HitschlerSR16}，然后通过权重门控机制、注意力网络等融合到系统中\cite{DBLP:conf/wmt/HuangLSOD16}。 \item 更多上下文信息的建模。由于人类语言潜在的歧义性，传统的神经机器翻译在单句翻译中可能会出现歧义。为此，一些研究工作在翻译过程中尝试引入更多的上下文信息，比如多模态翻译、基于树的翻译或者篇章级翻译。多模态翻译的目标就是在给定一个图片和其源语描述的情况下，生成目标语言的描述。一般做法就是通过一个额外的编码器来提取图像特征\cite{elliott2015multilingual,DBLP:conf/acl/HitschlerSR16}，然后通过权重门控机制、注意力网络等融合到系统中\cite{DBLP:conf/wmt/HuangLSOD16}。
\parinterval 基于树的翻译是指在翻译模型中引入句法结构树或依存树，从而引入更多的句法信息。一种常用的做法是将句法树进行序列化，从而保留序列到序列的模型结构\cite{DBLP:conf/emnlp/CurreyH18,DBLP:conf/acl/SaundersSGB18,DBLP:conf/wmt/NadejdeRSDJKB17}。在此基础上，一些研究工作引入了更多的解析结果\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/SumitaUZTM18,DBLP:conf/coling/ZaremoodiH18}。同时，也有一些研究工作直接使用Tree-LSTMs等网络结构\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/TaiSM15,DBLP:conf/iclr/ShenTSC19}来直接表示树结构，并将其应用到神经机器翻译模型中\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/EriguchiHT16,Yang2017TowardsBH,DBLP:conf/acl/ChenHCC17}。 \parinterval 基于树的翻译是指在翻译模型中引入句法结构树或依存树，从而引入更多的句法信息。一种常用的做法是将句法树进行序列化，从而保留序列到序列的模型结构\cite{DBLP:conf/emnlp/CurreyH18,DBLP:conf/acl/SaundersSGB18,DBLP:conf/wmt/NadejdeRSDJKB17}。在此基础上，一些研究工作引入了更多的解析结果\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/SumitaUZTM18,DBLP:conf/coling/ZaremoodiH18}。同时，也有一些研究工作直接使用Tree-LSTMs等网络结构\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/TaiSM15,DBLP:conf/iclr/ShenTSC19}来直接表示树结构，并将其应用到神经机器翻译模型中\cite{DBLP:conf/acl/EriguchiHT16,Yang2017TowardsBH,DBLP:conf/acl/ChenHCC17}。
......
Book/mt-book-xelatex.idx
\indexentry{Chapter4.1|hyperpage}{7} \indexentry{Chapter1.1|hyperpage}{15}
\indexentry{Chapter4.1.1|hyperpage}{8} \indexentry{Chapter1.2|hyperpage}{18}
\indexentry{Chapter4.1.2|hyperpage}{10} \indexentry{Chapter1.3|hyperpage}{23}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2|hyperpage}{12} \indexentry{Chapter1.4|hyperpage}{24}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.1|hyperpage}{12} \indexentry{Chapter1.4.1|hyperpage}{26}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2|hyperpage}{15} \indexentry{Chapter1.4.2|hyperpage}{26}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2.1|hyperpage}{15} \indexentry{Chapter1.4.3|hyperpage}{27}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2.2|hyperpage}{16} \indexentry{Chapter1.4.4|hyperpage}{28}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2.3|hyperpage}{17} \indexentry{Chapter1.4.5|hyperpage}{29}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3|hyperpage}{18} \indexentry{Chapter1.5|hyperpage}{30}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3.1|hyperpage}{19} \indexentry{Chapter1.5.1|hyperpage}{30}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3.2|hyperpage}{20} \indexentry{Chapter1.5.2|hyperpage}{31}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3.3|hyperpage}{21} \indexentry{Chapter1.5.2.1|hyperpage}{31}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4|hyperpage}{22} \indexentry{Chapter1.5.2.2|hyperpage}{33}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4.1|hyperpage}{22} \indexentry{Chapter1.5.2.3|hyperpage}{33}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4.2|hyperpage}{23} \indexentry{Chapter1.6|hyperpage}{34}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4.3|hyperpage}{25} \indexentry{Chapter1.7|hyperpage}{36}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.5|hyperpage}{25} \indexentry{Chapter1.7.1|hyperpage}{36}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.6|hyperpage}{26} \indexentry{Chapter1.7.1.1|hyperpage}{37}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7|hyperpage}{29} \indexentry{Chapter1.7.1.2|hyperpage}{38}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.1|hyperpage}{30} \indexentry{Chapter1.7.2|hyperpage}{40}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.2|hyperpage}{30} \indexentry{Chapter1.8|hyperpage}{42}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.3|hyperpage}{31} \indexentry{分词|hyperpage}{48}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.4|hyperpage}{32} \indexentry{Segmentation|hyperpage}{48}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3|hyperpage}{33} \indexentry{句法分析|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1|hyperpage}{36} \indexentry{Parsing|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.1|hyperpage}{37} \indexentry{预处理|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.2|hyperpage}{38} \indexentry{Pre-processing|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.3|hyperpage}{39} \indexentry{后处理|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.4|hyperpage}{40} \indexentry{Post-processing|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.2|hyperpage}{40} \indexentry{事件|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.3|hyperpage}{41} \indexentry{Event|hyperpage}{49}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.4|hyperpage}{42} \indexentry{随机事件|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.5|hyperpage}{46} \indexentry{随机变量|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4|hyperpage}{49} \indexentry{Random Variable|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.1|hyperpage}{51} \indexentry{概率|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2|hyperpage}{51} \indexentry{Probability|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2.1|hyperpage}{53} \indexentry{估计|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2.2|hyperpage}{55} \indexentry{估计值|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2.3|hyperpage}{57} \indexentry{Estimate|hyperpage}{50}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3|hyperpage}{58} \indexentry{概率分布函数|hyperpage}{51}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.1|hyperpage}{59} \indexentry{概率密度函数|hyperpage}{51}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.2|hyperpage}{62} \indexentry{联合概率|hyperpage}{51}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.3|hyperpage}{63} \indexentry{Joint Probability|hyperpage}{51}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.4|hyperpage}{64} \indexentry{条件概率|hyperpage}{51}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.5|hyperpage}{65} \indexentry{Conditional Probability|hyperpage}{51}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.4|hyperpage}{66} \indexentry{边缘概率|hyperpage}{52}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.4.1|hyperpage}{67} \indexentry{marginal probability|hyperpage}{52}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.4.2|hyperpage}{67} \indexentry{全概率公式|hyperpage}{53}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.5|hyperpage}{68} \indexentry{Law of Total Probability|hyperpage}{53}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.5|hyperpage}{71} \indexentry{贝叶斯法则|hyperpage}{54}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.7|hyperpage}{73} \indexentry{Bayes' rule|hyperpage}{54}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.7.1|hyperpage}{74} \indexentry{熵|hyperpage}{55}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.7.2|hyperpage}{76} \indexentry{Entropy|hyperpage}{55}
\indexentry{Chapter4.5|hyperpage}{77} \indexentry{自信息|hyperpage}{55}
\indexentry{Self-information|hyperpage}{55}
\indexentry{相对熵|hyperpage}{56}
\indexentry{Relative Entropy|hyperpage}{56}
\indexentry{交叉熵|hyperpage}{56}
\indexentry{Cross-entropy|hyperpage}{56}
\indexentry{分词|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{Segmentation|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{单词|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{Word|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{词|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{词法分析|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{Lexical Analysis|hyperpage}{57}
\indexentry{标注数据|hyperpage}{59}
\indexentry{Annotated Data|hyperpage}{59}
\indexentry{训练|hyperpage}{60}
\indexentry{Training|hyperpage}{60}
\indexentry{推断|hyperpage}{60}
\indexentry{Inference|hyperpage}{60}
\indexentry{参数估计|hyperpage}{61}
\indexentry{Parameter Estimation|hyperpage}{61}
\indexentry{偏置|hyperpage}{61}
\indexentry{Bias|hyperpage}{61}
\indexentry{语言模型|hyperpage}{65}
\indexentry{Language Model|hyperpage}{65}
\indexentry{语言建模|hyperpage}{65}
\indexentry{Language Modeling|hyperpage}{65}
\indexentry{极大似然估计|hyperpage}{66}
\indexentry{人工神经网络方法|hyperpage}{66}
\indexentry{未登录词|hyperpage}{67}
\indexentry{Out-of-Vocabulary Word，OOV Word|hyperpage}{67}
\indexentry{加法平滑|hyperpage}{68}
\indexentry{Additive Smoothing|hyperpage}{68}
\indexentry{古德-图灵估计法|hyperpage}{69}
\indexentry{Good-Turing Estimate|hyperpage}{69}
\indexentry{句法|hyperpage}{72}
\indexentry{Syntax|hyperpage}{72}
\indexentry{短语结构分析|hyperpage}{72}
\indexentry{Phrase Structure Parsing|hyperpage}{72}
\indexentry{依存分析|hyperpage}{72}
\indexentry{Dependency Parsing|hyperpage}{72}
\indexentry{成分分析|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{完全分析|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{Full Parsing|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{终结符|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{Terminal|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{预终结符|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{Pre-terminal|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{非终结符|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{Non-terminal|hyperpage}{73}
\indexentry{上下文无关文法|hyperpage}{74}
\indexentry{Context-Free Grammar|hyperpage}{74}
\indexentry{产生式规则|hyperpage}{75}
\indexentry{Production Rule|hyperpage}{75}
\indexentry{推导|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{Derivation|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{句子|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{Sentence|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{语言|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{Language|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{歧义|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{Ambiguity|hyperpage}{76}
\indexentry{消歧|hyperpage}{77}
\indexentry{Disambiguation|hyperpage}{77}
\indexentry{最左优先推导|hyperpage}{77}
\indexentry{Left-most Derivation|hyperpage}{77}
\indexentry{概率上下文无关文法|hyperpage}{78}
\indexentry{Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar|hyperpage}{78}
\indexentry{树库|hyperpage}{79}
\indexentry{Treebank|hyperpage}{79}
\indexentry{生成模型|hyperpage}{80}
\indexentry{Generative Model|hyperpage}{80}
\indexentry{判别模型|hyperpage}{80}
\indexentry{Discriminative Model|hyperpage}{80}
\indexentry{Chapter3.1|hyperpage}{85}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2|hyperpage}{87}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.1|hyperpage}{87}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.1.1|hyperpage}{87}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.1.2|hyperpage}{88}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.1.3|hyperpage}{89}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.2|hyperpage}{89}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.3|hyperpage}{90}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.3.1|hyperpage}{90}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.3.2|hyperpage}{90}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.3.3|hyperpage}{92}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.4|hyperpage}{93}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.4.1|hyperpage}{93}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.4.2|hyperpage}{95}
\indexentry{Chapter3.2.5|hyperpage}{97}
\indexentry{Chapter3.3|hyperpage}{100}
\indexentry{Chapter3.3.1|hyperpage}{100}
\indexentry{Chapter3.3.2|hyperpage}{102}
\indexentry{Chapter3.3.2.1|hyperpage}{103}
\indexentry{Chapter3.3.2.2|hyperpage}{103}
\indexentry{Chapter3.3.2.3|hyperpage}{105}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4|hyperpage}{106}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4.1|hyperpage}{106}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4.2|hyperpage}{108}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4.3|hyperpage}{109}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4.4|hyperpage}{110}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4.4.1|hyperpage}{110}
\indexentry{Chapter3.4.4.2|hyperpage}{111}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5|hyperpage}{117}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5.1|hyperpage}{117}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5.2|hyperpage}{120}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5.3|hyperpage}{121}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5.4|hyperpage}{123}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5.5|hyperpage}{124}
\indexentry{Chapter3.5.5|hyperpage}{127}
\indexentry{Chapter3.6|hyperpage}{127}
\indexentry{Chapter3.6.1|hyperpage}{127}
\indexentry{Chapter3.6.2|hyperpage}{128}
\indexentry{Chapter3.6.4|hyperpage}{129}
\indexentry{Chapter3.6.5|hyperpage}{130}
\indexentry{Chapter3.7|hyperpage}{130}
\indexentry{Chapter4.1|hyperpage}{133}
\indexentry{Chapter4.1.1|hyperpage}{134}
\indexentry{Chapter4.1.2|hyperpage}{136}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2|hyperpage}{138}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.1|hyperpage}{138}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2|hyperpage}{141}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2.1|hyperpage}{141}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2.2|hyperpage}{142}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.2.3|hyperpage}{143}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3|hyperpage}{144}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3.1|hyperpage}{145}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3.2|hyperpage}{146}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.3.3|hyperpage}{147}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4|hyperpage}{148}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4.1|hyperpage}{148}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4.2|hyperpage}{149}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.4.3|hyperpage}{151}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.5|hyperpage}{151}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.6|hyperpage}{152}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7|hyperpage}{155}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.1|hyperpage}{156}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.2|hyperpage}{156}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.3|hyperpage}{157}
\indexentry{Chapter4.2.7.4|hyperpage}{158}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3|hyperpage}{159}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1|hyperpage}{162}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.1|hyperpage}{163}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.2|hyperpage}{164}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.3|hyperpage}{165}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.1.4|hyperpage}{166}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.2|hyperpage}{166}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.3|hyperpage}{167}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.4|hyperpage}{168}
\indexentry{Chapter4.3.5|hyperpage}{172}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4|hyperpage}{175}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.1|hyperpage}{177}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2|hyperpage}{177}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2.1|hyperpage}{179}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2.2|hyperpage}{181}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.2.3|hyperpage}{183}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3|hyperpage}{184}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.1|hyperpage}{185}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.2|hyperpage}{188}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.3|hyperpage}{189}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.4|hyperpage}{190}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.3.5|hyperpage}{191}
\indexentry{Chapter4.4.4|hyperpage}{192}
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\indexentry{Chapter5.6|hyperpage}{277}
\indexentry{神经机器翻译|hyperpage}{279}
\indexentry{Neural Machine Translation|hyperpage}{279}
\indexentry{分布式表示|hyperpage}{281}
\indexentry{Distributed Representation|hyperpage}{281}
\indexentry{特征工程|hyperpage}{287}
\indexentry{Feature Engineering|hyperpage}{287}
\indexentry{编码器-解码器模型|hyperpage}{288}
\indexentry{Encoder-Decoder Paradigm|hyperpage}{288}
\indexentry{编码器-解码器框架|hyperpage}{288}
\indexentry{循环神经网络|hyperpage}{293}
\indexentry{Recurrent Neural Network, RNN|hyperpage}{293}
\indexentry{词嵌入|hyperpage}{295}
\indexentry{Word Embedding|hyperpage}{295}
\indexentry{表示学习|hyperpage}{295}
\indexentry{Representation Learning|hyperpage}{295}
\indexentry{生成|hyperpage}{295}
\indexentry{Generation|hyperpage}{295}
\indexentry{长短时记忆|hyperpage}{300}
\indexentry{Long Short-Term Memory|hyperpage}{300}
\indexentry{遗忘|hyperpage}{300}
\indexentry{记忆更新|hyperpage}{301}
\indexentry{输出|hyperpage}{301}
\indexentry{门循环单元|hyperpage}{301}
\indexentry{Gated Recurrent Unit，GRU|hyperpage}{301}
\indexentry{注意力权重|hyperpage}{307}
\indexentry{Attention Weight|hyperpage}{307}
\indexentry{一阶矩估计|hyperpage}{313}
\indexentry{First Moment Estimation|hyperpage}{313}
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\indexentry{Second Moment Estimation|hyperpage}{313}
\indexentry{学习率|hyperpage}{314}
\indexentry{Learning Rate|hyperpage}{314}
\indexentry{逐渐预热|hyperpage}{315}
\indexentry{Gradual Warmup|hyperpage}{315}
\indexentry{分段常数衰减|hyperpage}{315}
\indexentry{Piecewise Constant Decay|hyperpage}{315}
\indexentry{数据并行|hyperpage}{316}
\indexentry{模型并行|hyperpage}{316}
\indexentry{全搜索|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{Full Search|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{贪婪搜索|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{Greedy Search|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{束搜索|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{Beam Search|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{自回归模型|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{Autoregressive Model|hyperpage}{318}
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\indexentry{Non-autoregressive Model|hyperpage}{318}
\indexentry{自注意力机制|hyperpage}{324}
\indexentry{Self-Attention|hyperpage}{324}
\indexentry{特征提取|hyperpage}{325}
\indexentry{自注意力子层|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{Self-attention Sub-layer|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{前馈神经网络子层|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{Feed-forward Sub-layer|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{残差连接|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{Residual Connection|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{层正则化|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{Layer Normalization|hyperpage}{326}
\indexentry{编码-解码注意力子层|hyperpage}{327}
\indexentry{Encoder-decoder Attention Sub-layer|hyperpage}{327}
\indexentry{词嵌入|hyperpage}{327}
\indexentry{Word Embedding|hyperpage}{327}
\indexentry{位置编码|hyperpage}{327}
\indexentry{Position Embedding|hyperpage}{327}
\indexentry{点乘注意力|hyperpage}{330}
\indexentry{Scaled Dot-Product Attention|hyperpage}{330}
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\indexentry{Multi-head Attention|hyperpage}{333}
\indexentry{残差连接|hyperpage}{334}
\indexentry{短连接|hyperpage}{334}
\indexentry{Short-cut Connection|hyperpage}{334}
\indexentry{后正则化|hyperpage}{335}
\indexentry{Post-norm|hyperpage}{335}
\indexentry{前正则化|hyperpage}{335}
\indexentry{Pre-norm|hyperpage}{335}
\indexentry{交叉熵损失|hyperpage}{336}
\indexentry{Cross Entropy Loss|hyperpage}{336}
\indexentry{预热|hyperpage}{337}
\indexentry{Warmup|hyperpage}{337}
\indexentry{小批量训练|hyperpage}{337}
\indexentry{Mini-batch Training|hyperpage}{337}
\indexentry{Dropout|hyperpage}{337}
\indexentry{过拟合|hyperpage}{338}
\indexentry{Over fitting|hyperpage}{338}
\indexentry{标签平滑|hyperpage}{338}
\indexentry{Label Smoothing|hyperpage}{338}
\indexentry{序列到序列的转换/生成问题|hyperpage}{339}
\indexentry{Sequence-to-Sequence Problem|hyperpage}{339}
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\contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.2}IBM模型4训练方法}{349}{section.2.B.2} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.2}IBM模型4训练方法}{419}{section.2.B.2}
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax \defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.3}IBM模型5训练方法}{351}{section.2.B.3} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.3}IBM模型5训练方法}{421}{section.2.B.3}
\contentsfinish \contentsfinish
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