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Toy-MT-Introduction
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Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-comparison-mt-ht-1.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
%第一段----------------------------------------------
%原文-------------
\node [pos=0.4,left,xshift=-0.4em,yshift=2.0em] (original1) {\scriptsize{源 \qquad 文：从前有一个小岛，上面住着快乐、悲哀、知识和爱，还有其他各种情感。一天，情感们得知}};
\node [anchor=north west] (original1-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.3em]original1.south west) {\scriptsize{小岛快要下沉了。于是，大家都准备船只，离开小岛，只有爱决定留下来，她想坚持到最后}};
\node [anchor=north west] (original1-2) at ([yshift=0.3em]original1-1.south west) {\scriptsize{一刻。过了几天，小岛真的要下沉了，爱想请人帮忙。}};
%机器翻译--------------
\node [anchor=north west] (mt1) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=0.3em]original1-2.south west) {\scriptsize{机器翻译：Once upon a time there was an island {\color{red}\underline{on which}} lived happiness,sorrow,knowledge,love and other}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt1-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.4em]mt1.south west) {\scriptsize{emotions. One day, {\color{red}\underline{the}} emotions learned that the island was going to sink.As a result,everyone pre}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt1-2) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt1-1.south west) {\scriptsize{-pared the boat and {\color{red}\underline{left the island.}} Only Love decided to stay.She {\color{red}\underline{ wanted to stick}} to it until the last}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt1-3) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt1-2.south west) {\scriptsize{moment. After a few days, the island was really going to sink and love {\color{red}\underline{ wanted help.}}}};
%人工翻译---------------
\node [anchor=north west] (ht1) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=0.4em]mt1-3.south west) {\scriptsize{人工翻译：Once upon a time, there was a small island {\color{red}\underline{where}} lived all kinds of emotions like JOY,SADNESS,}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht1-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.4em]ht1.south west) {\scriptsize{KNOWLEDGE, and LOVE.One day, {\color{red}\underline{these}} emotions found that the island was sinking, so one by}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht1-2) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht1-1.south west) {\scriptsize{one they prepared the boat and {\color{red}\underline{planned to leave.}} None but LOVE chose to stay there. She {\color{red}\underline{was deter}}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht1-3) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht1-2.south west) {\scriptsize{{\color{red}\underline{-mined to}} persist till the last moment.A few days later, almost the whole island sunk into the sea,}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht1-4) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht1-3.south west) {\scriptsize{and LOVE had to {\color{red}\underline{seek for help.}}}};
%第二段--------------------------------
%原文-------------
\node[anchor=north west] (original4) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=-0.3em]ht1-4.south west) {\scriptsize{源 \qquad 文：这时，富裕乘着一艘大船经过。爱说：``富裕，你能带我走吗？''富裕 答道：``不，我的船中}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original4-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.3em]original4.south west) {\scriptsize{有许多金银财宝，没有你的位置。''爱看见虚荣在一艘华丽的小船上，说：``虚荣，帮帮我吧}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original4-2) at ([yshift=0.3em]original4-1.south west) {\scriptsize{！''``我帮不了你。你全身都湿透了，会弄坏我这漂亮的小船的。''悲哀来了，爱向他求助：``}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original4-3) at ([yshift=0.3em]original4-2.south west) {\scriptsize{悲哀，让我跟你去吧！''``哦，……爱，我实在太悲哀了，想自己一个人呆一会儿！''悲哀答}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original4-4) at ([yshift=0.3em]original4-3.south west) {\scriptsize{道。快乐走近爱的身边，但是她太快乐了，竟然没有听见爱在叫她！}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit =(original1)(ht1)(mt1)(original4-4)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-comparison-mt-ht-2.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
%机器翻译--------------
\node [pos=0.4,left,xshift=-0.4em,yshift=2.0em] (mt4) {\scriptsize{机器翻译：At this time, Richness {\color{red}\underline{passed by}} in a big ship. Love said, ``Rich, can you take me away?'' Richness}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt4-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.4em]mt4.south west) {\scriptsize{replied, ``No, {\color{red}\underline{there are many treasures}} of gold and silver in my ship,and there is no place for you.''}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt4-2) at ([xshift=0em,yshift=0.3em]mt4-1.south west) {\scriptsize{ Love saw vanity in a magnificent boat and said, ``Vanity, help me!'' ``I can't help you. You are {\color{red}\underline{soak}}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt4-3) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt4-2.south west) {\scriptsize{{\color{red}\underline{-ed to the skin}} and will damage my beautiful boat.'' When sorrow came, love asked him for help: ``}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt4-4) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt4-3.south west) {\scriptsize{sorrow, let me go with you!'' ``Oh,...love, I am so sad that I want to be alone for a while!'' Sadly rep}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt4-5) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt4-4.south west) {\scriptsize{-lied. Happiness {\color{red}\underline{approached}} love, but she was too happy to hear love calling her!}};
%人工翻译---------------
\node [anchor=north west] (ht4) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=0.3em]mt4-5.south west) {\scriptsize{人工翻译：At that moment, WEALTH {\color{red}\underline{was passing by}} in a big boat. Love said,``WEALTH, can you take me}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht4-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.4em]ht4.south west) {\scriptsize{with you?'' WEALTH answered, ``no, {\color{red}\underline{there is a lot}} of gold and silver in my boat. There is no place}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht4-2) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht4-1.south west) {\scriptsize{for you.'' Love saw VANITY in a beautiful boat and said, ``VANITY, help me!'' ``I can't help you.}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht4-3) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht4-2.south west) {\scriptsize{You are {\color{red}\underline{all wet,}} and will break my pretty boat.'' Then SADNESS came. Love asked for help,``SAD}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht4-4) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht4-3.south west) {\scriptsize{-NESS, let me go with you!'' ``Oh,...LOVE, I am so sad that I want to be alone for a while!'' ``Repli}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht4-5) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht4-4.south west) {\scriptsize{-ed SADNESS. JOY {\color{red}\underline{came close to }} love, but she was so happy that she did not hear him call her!}};
%第三段--------------------------------
\node[anchor=north west] (original8) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=-0.3em]ht4-5.south west) {\scriptsize{源 \qquad 文：突然，一个声音传来：``过来，爱，我带你走。''这是位长者。爱大喜过望，竟忘了问他他}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original8-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.3em]original8.south west) {\scriptsize{的名字。登上陆地后，长者独自走开了。爱对长者感激不尽，问另一位长者知识：``帮我的}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original8-2) at ([yshift=0.3em]original8-1.south west) {\scriptsize{那个人是谁？''``他是时间。''知识老人回答。``时间？''爱问道，``他为什么要帮我？''知识老}};
\node[anchor=north west] (original8-3) at ([yshift=0.3em]original8-2.south west) {\scriptsize{人笑道：``因为只有时间才能理解爱有多么伟大。''}};
%机器翻译--------------
\node [anchor=north west] (mt8) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=0.4em]original8-3.south west) {\scriptsize{机器翻译：Suddenly, a voice {\color{red}\underline{came:}} ``Come here, love, I'll take you away.'' This is an elder. Love was {\color{red}\underline{overjoy}}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt8-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.4em]mt8.south west) {\scriptsize{{\color{red}\underline{-ed and}} forgot to ask his name. After landing on land, the elder walked away alone.Love was very}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt8-2) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt8-1.south west) {\scriptsize{grateful to the elder and asked another elder knowledge, {\color{red}\underline{``Who is the person who helped me?''}} ``He}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt8-3) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt8-2.south west) {\scriptsize{is time.'' The {\color{red}\underline{old intellectual}} replied. ``Time?'' Love asked,``Why did he help me?'' The old intellec}};
\node [anchor=north west] (mt8-4) at ([yshift=0.4em]mt8-3.south west) {\scriptsize{-tual laughed, ``Because only time canunderstand how great love is.''}};
%人工翻译---------------
\node [anchor=north west] (ht8) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=0.4em]mt8-4.south west) {\scriptsize{人工翻译：Suddenly, a voice {\color{red}\underline{said,}} ``come, LOVE, I'll take you.'' This is an elder. LOVE was {\color{red}\underline{so over that}} she}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht8-1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=0.4em]ht8.south west) {\scriptsize{forgot to ask his name. After landing on land, the elder walked away}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht8-2) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht8-1.south west) {\scriptsize{alone.LOVE was so grateful to the elder that she asked KNOWLEDGE, another elder, {\color{red}\underline{``who help}}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht8-3) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht8-2.south west) {\scriptsize{{\color{red}\underline{-ed me?''}} ``He is TIME.'' The {\color{red}\underline{old man}} replied. ``TIME?'' LOVE asked. ``why did he help me?'' The}};
\node [anchor=north west] (ht8-4) at ([yshift=0.4em]ht8-3.south west) {\scriptsize{old man smiled and said, ``Because only time can understand how great love is.''}};
%{
%\draw[dotted,thick,ublue] ([xshift=10.3em,yshift=0.3em]mt8.south west)--%([xshift=-5.2em,yshift=-0.3em]ht8.north);
%}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (mt4)(ht4)(ht8-4)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-example-nmt.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=south west,minimum width=15em] (source) at (0,0.57) {\textbf{source}: 我\ \ \ \ 对\ \ \ \ 你\ \ \ \ 感到\ \ \ \ 满意};
}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=south west,minimum width=15em] (target) at ([yshift=11em]source.north west) {\textbf{target}: I\ \ am\ \ \ satisfied\ \ \ with\ \ \ you};
}
{
\node [anchor=center,minimum width=9.6em,minimum height=1.8em,draw,rounded corners=0.3em] (hidden) at ([yshift=5em]source.north) {};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=1.5em,minimum size=1.5em,fill=ugreen!20] (cell01) at ([xshift=0.2em]hidden.west) {\footnotesize{.2}};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=1.5em,minimum size=1.5em,fill=ugreen!10] (cell02) at (cell01.east) {\footnotesize{-1}};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=1.5em,minimum size=1.5em,fill=ugreen!70] (cell03) at (cell02.east) {\footnotesize{6}};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=1.5em,minimum size=1.5em,fill=ugreen!50] (cell04) at (cell03.east) {\footnotesize{5}};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=1.5em,minimum size=1.5em,fill=ugreen!30] (cell05) at (cell04.east) {\footnotesize{.7}};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=1.5em,minimum size=1.5em,fill=ugreen!10] (cell06) at (cell05.east) {\footnotesize{-2}};
}
{
\filldraw [fill=red!20,draw=white] (source.north west) -- (source.north east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em,yshift=-0.1em]hidden.south east) -- ([xshift=0.2em,yshift=-0.1em]hidden.south west);
}
{
\filldraw [fill=blue!20,draw=white] (target.south west) -- (target.south east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em,yshift=0.1em]hidden.north east) -- ([xshift=0.2em,yshift=0.1em]hidden.north west);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] (source.north west) -- ([xshift=0.2em,yshift=-0.1em]hidden.south west);
\draw [->,thick] (source.north east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em,yshift=-0.1em]hidden.south east);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=0.2em,yshift=0.1em]hidden.north west) -- (target.south west);
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=-0.2em,yshift=0.1em]hidden.north east) -- (target.south east);
}
}
{
\node [anchor=south] (enclabel) at ([xshift=-0.1em,yshift=1.4em]source.north) {\large{\textbf{Encoder}}};
\node [anchor=north] (declabel) at ([xshift=-0.1em,yshift=-1em]target.south) {\large{\textbf{Decoder}}};
\node [anchor=east,align=left] (hiddenlabel) at (hidden.west) {\scriptsize{represe-}\\\scriptsize{ntation}};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=16.8em,yshift=6em]
{
\tikzstyle{numbernode} = [fill=blue!30,minimum height=0.8em,minimum width=0.8em,circle,draw,inner sep=1pt]
\tikzstyle{numbernode2} = [fill=ugreen!30,minimum height=0.8em,minimum width=0.8em,circle,draw,inner sep=1pt]
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron01) at (0,0) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron02) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron01.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron03) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron02.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron04) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron03.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron11) at ([xshift=2em]neuron04.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron12) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron11.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron13) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron12.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode] (neuron14) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron13.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode2] (neuron21) at ([xshift=1.5em,yshift=3em]neuron02.north) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode2] (neuron22) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron21.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode2] (neuron23) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron22.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode2] (neuron24) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron23.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,numbernode2] (neuron25) at ([xshift=0.3em]neuron24.east) {};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw,thin,inner sep=3pt,rounded corners=1pt] [fit = (neuron01) (neuron02) (neuron03) (neuron04)] (layer1) {};
\node[rectangle,draw,thin,inner sep=3pt,rounded corners=1pt] [fit = (neuron11) (neuron12) (neuron13) (neuron14)] (layer2) {};
\node[rectangle,draw,thin,inner sep=3pt,rounded corners=1pt] [fit = (neuron21) (neuron22) (neuron23) (neuron24) (neuron25)] (layer3) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
% input and output labels
\draw[->,thick,align=center] ([yshift=-0.8em]layer1.south)--([yshift=-0.1em]layer1.south) node [pos=0,anchor=north,inner sep=3pt] (word01) {\footnotesize{input} \footnotesize{(word)}};
\draw[->,thick,align=center] ([yshift=-0.8em]layer2.south)--([yshift=-0.1em]layer2.south) node [pos=0,anchor=north,inner sep=3pt] (word02) {\footnotesize{input} \footnotesize{(word)}};
\draw[<-,thick,align=center] ([yshift=0.8em]layer3.north)--([yshift=0.1em]layer3.north) node [pos=0,anchor=south,inner sep=0] (outputnode) {\footnotesize{output} \footnotesize{(representation)}};
% layer and neuron labels
\node[anchor=west] (layerlabel3) at (layer3.east) {\footnotesize{layer}};
% connections
\draw[-] (neuron01)--(neuron21); \draw[-] (neuron02)--(neuron21); \draw[-] (neuron03)--(neuron21); \draw[-] (neuron04)--(neuron21);
\node[anchor=north] (connections) at ([yshift=-0.7em,xshift=0.5em]layer3.south) {\textbf{...}};
\node[anchor=west] (conntections2) at ([xshift=0.5em]connections.east) {\textbf{...}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[draw,thin,minimum width=11em,align=left,rounded corners=1pt,fill=red!5,drop shadow] [fit = (outputnode) (word01) (word02) ] (netbox) {};
\node[rectangle,draw,thin,inner sep=3pt,rounded corners=1pt] [fit = (neuron01) (neuron02) (neuron03) (neuron04)] (layer1) {};
\node[rectangle,draw,thin,inner sep=3pt,rounded corners=1pt] [fit = (neuron11) (neuron12) (neuron13) (neuron14)] (layer2) {};
\node[rectangle,draw,thin,inner sep=3pt,rounded corners=1pt] [fit = (neuron21) (neuron22) (neuron23) (neuron24) (neuron25)] (layer3) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\draw [->,very thick,dotted] (enclabel.east) ..controls + (east:2em) and +(west:2em).. ([yshift=-1em]netbox.west);
\node [anchor=north] (netlabel) at (netbox.south) {\footnotesize{sample network of the encoder}};
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-example-rbmt.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west] (rule1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1: If} 源=``我'', \textbf{then} 译=``I''};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule2) at ([yshift=0.1em]rule1.south west) {\textbf{2: If} 源=``你'', \textbf{then} 译=``you''};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule3) at ([yshift=0.1em]rule2.south west) {\textbf{3: If} 源=``感到 满意'',};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule3part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]rule3.south west) {\textbf{\hspace{0.95em} then} 译=``be satisfied with''};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule4) at ([yshift=0.1em]rule3part2.south west) {\textbf{4: If} 源=``对 ... 动词[表态度]''};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule4part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]rule4.south west) {\textbf{\hspace{0.95em} then} 调序[动词 + 对象]};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule5) at ([yshift=0.1em]rule4part2.south west) {\textbf{5: If} 译文主语是``I''};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule5part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]rule5.south west) {\textbf{\hspace{0.95em} then} be动词为``am/was''};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule6) at ([yshift=0.1em]rule5part2.south west) {\textbf{6: If} 源语是主谓结构};
\node [anchor=north west] (rule6part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]rule6.south west) {\textbf{\hspace{0.95em} then} 译文为主谓结构};
\node [anchor=south west] (rulebaselabel) at (rule1.north west) {{\color{ublue} 资源：规则库}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (rule1) (rule2) (rule3) (rule3part2) (rule4) (rule4part2) (rule5) (rule5part2) (rule6) (rule6part2) (rulebaselabel)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w1) at (0,0em) {我};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w2) at ([xshift=0.3em]w1.north east) {对};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w3) at ([xshift=0.3em]w2.north east) {你};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w4) at ([xshift=0.3em]w3.north east) {感到};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w5) at ([xshift=0.3em]w4.north east) {满意};
}
\end{scope}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=1mm] (t1) at ([yshift=-0.6em]w1.south) {I};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (w1.south)--(t1.north);
}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=1mm] (t3) at ([yshift=-0.6em]w3.south) {you};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (w3.south)--(t3.north);
}
{\footnotesize
\draw[-] ([yshift=0.2em]w4.south west)--([yshift=0.2em]w5.south east);
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=1mm] (t45) at ([yshift=-2em]w5.south) {be satisfied with};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] ([yshift=0.1em]w4.south east)..controls +(south:0.6) and +(north:0.6)..(t45.north);
}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (t35) at ([yshift=-3.0em,xshift=-1em]t3.south) {be satisfied with you};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (t3.south)..controls +(south:1.3) and +(north:0.9)..([xshift=-1em,yshift=-0.2em]t35.north east);
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (t45.south)..controls +(south:0.7) and +(north:0.5)..([xshift=3em,yshift=-0.2em]t35.north west);
}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (t15) at ([yshift=-1.5em,xshift=-2em]t35.south west) {I be satisfied with you};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (t35.south)..controls +(south:0.5) and +(north:0.5)..([xshift=-5em]t15.north east);
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (t1.south)..controls +(south:1.5) and +(north:1.5)..([xshift=0.5em]t15.north west);
}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (t15final) at ([yshift=-1.5em]t15.south west) {I am satisfied with you};
\node [draw,circle,thick,dotted,ublue,minimum width=1.3em] (be1) at ([xshift=1.35em,yshift=0.1em]t15.west) {};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=-0em]be1.south)..controls +(south:0.3) and +(north:0.4)..([xshift=1.6em,yshift=-0.2em]t15final.north west);
}
{
\draw[->,dotted,thick,red] ([xshift=-0.2em]rule5part2.east)..controls +(east:1.5) and +( west:1.5)..(t15final.west) node[pos=0.9,below,xshift=0.3em,yshift=0.0em] (applyr6) {\color{red}{\tiny\sffamily\bfseries{规则5}}};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-example-smt.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{
\begin{scope}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (example1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 源=``他 在 哪 ?''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example1part2) at ([yshift=0.2em]example1.south west) {\hspace{1em} 译=``Where is he ?''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example2) at ([yshift=0.1em]example1part2.south west) {\textbf{2:} 源=``我 真高兴''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example2part2) at ([yshift=0.2em]example2.south west) {\hspace{1em} 译=``I'm so happy''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example3) at ([yshift=0.1em]example2part2.south west) {\textbf{3:} 源=``出发 ！''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example3part2) at ([yshift=0.2em]example3.south west) {\hspace{1em} 译=``Let's go!''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example4) at ([yshift=0.1em]example3part2.south west) {\hspace{1em} ...};
\node [anchor=north west] (example5) at ([yshift=0.1em]example4.south west) {\hspace{1em}\quad};
\node [anchor=north west] (example6) at ([yshift=0.1em]example5.south west) {\hspace{1em}\quad};
\node [anchor=south west] (bidatalabel) at (example1.north west) {{\color{ublue}\small{资源1:双语平行语料}}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (example1) (example1part2) (example2) (example2part2) (example3) (example3part2) (example4) (bidatalabel)(example6)] (bidata) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
}
{
\begin{scope} [yshift=-1.55in]
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (entry1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} What is NiuTrans ?\qquad \qquad };
\node [anchor=north west] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.0em]entry1.south west) {\textbf{2:} Are you fulfilled ?};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.0em]entry2.south west) {\textbf{3:} Yes, you are right .};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.0em]entry3.south west) {\hspace{1em} ...};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry5) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry4.south west) {\hspace{1em}{\quad}};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry6) at ([xshift=11.6em,yshift=0.65em]entry5.south west) {};
\node [anchor=south west] (monodatalabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue}\small{资源2:单语语料}}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (entry5)(entry6)(monodatalabel)] (monodata) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
}
{
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.7in]
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase1) at (0,0) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{我} \to \textrm{I}) = 0.7$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase2) at ([yshift=0.1em]phrase1.south west) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{我} \to \textrm{me}) = 0.3$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase3) at ([yshift=0.1em]phrase2.south west) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{你} \to \textrm{you}) = 0.9$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase4) at ([yshift=0.1em]phrase3.south west) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{开心} \to \textrm{happy})$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase4part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]phrase4.south west) {$ = 0.5$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase5) at ([yshift=0.1em]phrase4part2.south west) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{满意} \to \textrm{satisfied})$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase5part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]phrase5.south west) {$ = 0.4$};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase6) at ([yshift=0.0em]phrase5part2.south west) {...\vspace{2em}};
\node [anchor=north west] (phrase7) at ([yshift=0.6em]phrase6.south west) {};
\node [anchor=south west] (phrasetablelabel) at (phrase1.north west) {{\color{ublue} \small{翻译模型}}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (phrase1) (phrase2) (phrase3) (phrase4) (phrase4part2) (phrase5) (phrase5part2) (phrase6)(phrase7) (phrasetablelabel)] (phrasetable) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
}
{
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.7in,yshift=-1.55in]
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (ngram1) at (0,0) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{I}) = 0.0001$};
\node [anchor=north west] (ngram2) at ([yshift=0.0em]ngram1.south west) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{I} \to \textrm{am}) = 0.623$};
\node [anchor=north west] (ngram3) at ([yshift=0.0em]ngram2.south west) {$\textrm{Pr}(\textrm{I} \to \textrm{was}) = 0.21$};
\node [anchor=north west] (ngram4) at ([yshift=-0.2em]ngram3.south west) {...};
\node [anchor=south west] (lmlabel) at (ngram1.north west) {{\color{ublue} \small{语言模型}}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (ngram1) (ngram2) (ngram3) (ngram4) (lmlabel)] (langaugemodel) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
}
{
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (bidata.east)--([xshift=2.2em]bidata.east) node[pos=0.5,above] (simexample) {\color{red}{\scriptsize{\scriptsize{学习}}}};
}
{
\draw[->,thick,ublue] (monodata.east)--([xshift=2.2em]monodata.east) node[pos=0.5,above] (simexample) {\color{red}{\scriptsize{\scriptsize{学习}}}};
}
\begin{scope}[xshift=3.6in]
{\footnotesize
{
\node[anchor=center] (srcsentence) at (0,0) {我 对 你 感到 满意};
}
{
\node[anchor=north west] (translations) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=-1em]srcsentence.south west) {
{\scriptsize
\begin{tabular}{l | l}
翻译假设 & {概率} \\
\hline
I to you happy & {0.01}\\
You satisfied & {0.02}\\
I satisfied with you & {0.10}\\
I'm satisfied with you & {0.46}\\
I satisfied you, what & {0.23}\\
You can have it & {0.01}\\
You and me & {0.02}\\
\end{tabular}
}
};
}
{
\node[anchor=west,double,draw=ublue,thick] (decoder) at ([xshift=1em,yshift=-13em]srcsentence.south west) {翻译引擎};
\draw[->,thick,ublue] ([yshift=1em]phrasetable.south east) .. controls +(east:1.0em) and +(west:2.5em) .. (decoder.west);
\draw[->,thick,ublue] ([yshift=-2em]langaugemodel.east) .. controls +(east:1.0em) and +(west:1.5em) .. (decoder.west);
}
{
\draw[->,thick,double,ublue] (decoder.north) -- ([yshift=2.2em]decoder.north) node[pos=0.5,right] (decodinglabel) {\color{red}{\tiny{枚举所有可能}}};
}
{
\draw[->,thick,double,ublue] (decoder.east) .. controls +(east:3.5em) .. ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=3.0em]decoder.east) node[xshift=0.5em,pos=0.3,below] (decodinglabel) {\color{red}{\tiny{计算翻译可能性}}};
}
{
\node[anchor=west,draw,thick,red,minimum width=11.5em,minimum height=1em] (outputlabel) at ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=-6.1em]srcsentence.south west){};
\node[anchor=west] (outputlabel2) at ([xshift=-0.3em]outputlabel.east) {\color{red}{\tiny{输出}}};
}
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-required-parts-of-mt.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [thick,rounded corners=3mm,draw=blue!50!black!50,top color=white,bottom color=blue!50!black!20] (s) at (0,0) {输入文字};
\node [thick,minimum width=6em,minimum height=3em,draw=red!50!black!50,anchor=west] (mt) at ([xshift=0.5in]s.east) {};
\node [thick,minimum width=6em,minimum height=1.5em,draw=red!50!black!50,top color=white,bottom color=red!50!black!20,anchor=north] (mt1) at (mt.north) {机器翻译};
\node [thick,rounded corners=3mm,draw=blue!50!black!50,top color=white,bottom color=blue!50!black!20,anchor=west] (t) at ([xshift=0.5in]mt.east) {输出译文};
{
\node [draw=ugreen,fill=ugreen,minimum width=3.1em,minimum height=1.5em,anchor=south west] (part1) at (mt.south west) {{\color{white} 1}};
\node [draw=ublue,fill=ublue,minimum width=3.1em,minimum height=1.5em,anchor=south east] (part2) at (mt.south east) {{\color{white} 2}};
}
\draw[-latex,thick] (s.east)--(mt.west);
\draw[-latex,thick] (mt.east)--(t.west);
{
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1.0in]
\node [] (part1label) at (0,0) {\includegraphics[scale=0.10]{./Chapter1/Figures/figure-oil.jpg}};
\node [anchor=north west] (part1text) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0.0em]part1label.south west) {\begin{tabular}{l}{\color{red}{资源}}：可以使机器翻译\\系统运行的``汽油''\end{tabular}};
\end{scope}
}
{
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1.0in,xshift=2.8in]
\node [] (part2label) at (0,0) {\includegraphics[scale=0.33]{./Chapter1/Figures/figure-truck.jpg}};
\node [anchor=north west] (part2text) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0em]part2label.south west) {\begin{tabular}{l}{\color{red}{系统}}：利用资源完成\\自动翻译的程序\end{tabular}};
\end{scope}
}
{
\draw[<-,thick] (part1label.north)..controls +(north:0.6) and +(south:0.6)..([yshift=0.2em]part1.south);
}
{
\draw[<-,thick] ([yshift=0.0em]part2label.north)..controls +(north:0.6) and +(south:0.6)..([yshift=0.2em]part2.south);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-results-zh-to-en-news-field-translation.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=south west, fill=blue!50, minimum width=1.1cm, minimum height=2.3cm] (mt) at (1,0) {{\color{white} {\small\sffamily\bfseries{机器}}}};
\node [anchor=south west, fill=red!50, minimum width=1.1cm, minimum height=2.7cm] (human) at ([xshift=0.5cm]mt.south east) {{\color{white} {\small\sffamily\bfseries{人}}}};
\node [anchor=south] (mtscore) at (mt.north) {3.9};
\node [anchor=south] (humanscore) at (human.north) {4.7};
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=-0.5cm]mt.south west) -- ([xshift=0.5cm]human.south east);
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=-0.5cm]mt.south west) -- ([xshift=-0.5cm,yshift=3.2cm]mt.south west);
\node [anchor=south west, fill=blue!50, minimum width=1.1cm, minimum height=1.5cm] (mt1) at ([xshift=13.0em,yshift=-3.0em]mt.east) {{\color{white} {\small\sffamily\bfseries{机器}}}};
\node [anchor=south west, fill=red!50, minimum width=1.1cm, minimum height=2.7cm] (human1) at ([xshift=0.5cm]mt1.south east) {{\color{white} {\small\sffamily\bfseries{人}}}};
\node [anchor=south] (mtscore1) at (mt1.north) {47};
\node [anchor=south] (humanscore1) at (human1.north) {100};
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=-0.5cm]mt1.south west) -- ([xshift=0.5cm]human1.south east);
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=-0.5cm]mt1.south west) -- ([xshift=-0.5cm,yshift=3.2cm]mt1.south west);
\node[anchor=south](footname1) at ([xshift=2.1em,yshift=-2.0em]mt.south){\footnotesize{人工评价（五分制）}};
\node[anchor=south](footname2) at ([xshift=2.1em,yshift=-2.0em]mt1.south){\footnotesize{自动评价（百分制）}};
\end{tikzpicture}
}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter1/Figures/figure-zh-sentences-into-en-sentences.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west] (example1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 源=``什么 时候 开始 ?''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example1part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]example1.south west) {\hspace{1em} 译=``When will it start ?''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example2) at ([yshift=0.1em]example1part2.south west) {\textbf{2:} 源=``我 对 他 感到 高兴''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example2part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]example2.south west) {\hspace{1em} 译=``I am happy with him''};
\node [anchor=north west] (example3) at ([yshift=0.1em]example2part2.south west) {\hspace{1em} ...};
\node [anchor=south west] (examplebaselabel) at (example1.north west) {{\color{ublue} 资源1：翻译实例库}};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (example1) (example1part2) (example2) (example2part2) (example3) (examplebaselabel)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope} [yshift=-1.3in]
{\footnotesize
{
\node [anchor=north west] (entry1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 我 $\to$ I $\mid$ me};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry1.south west) {\textbf{2:} 你 $\to$ you};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry2.south west) {\textbf{3:} 满意 \hspace{-0.4em} $\to$ \hspace{-0.4em} satisfy \hspace{-0.12em}$\mid$\hspace{-0.12em} satisfied ... };
\node [anchor=north west] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry3.south west) {\hspace{1em} ...};
\node [anchor=south west] (dictionarylabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue} 资源2：翻译词典}};
\node [anchor=west,opacity=0.0] (empty) at ([yshift=-0.2em]entry3.west) {\hspace{1em} 译=``I am happy with him''};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (dictionarylabel) (empty)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w1) at (0,1.7em) {我};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w2) at ([xshift=0.3em]w1.north east) {对};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w3) at ([xshift=0.3em]w2.north east) {你};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w4) at ([xshift=0.3em]w3.north east) {感到};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (w5) at ([xshift=0.3em]w4.north east) {满意};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in,yshift=-0.2in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c1) at (0,0) {我};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c2) at ([xshift=0.3em]c1.north east) {对};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c3) at ([xshift=0.3em]c2.north east) {他};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c4) at ([xshift=0.3em]c3.north east) {感到};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c5) at ([xshift=0.3em]c4.north east) {高兴};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in,yshift=-0.6in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e1) at (0,0) {I};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e2) at ([xshift=0.3em]e1.east) {am};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e3) at ([xshift=0.3em]e2.east) {happy};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e4) at ([xshift=0.3em]e3.east) {with};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e5) at ([xshift=0.3em]e4.east) {him};
}
\end{scope}
{
\draw[<->,dotted,thick,red] (example2.east)..controls +(east:0.6) and +(west:0.6)..(c1.west) node[pos=0.9,left,xshift=0.6em,yshift=0.4em] (simexample) {\color{red}{\tiny{相似实例}}};
\draw[<->,dotted,thick,red] ([xshift=-0.2em]example2part2.east)..controls +(east:0.5) and +(west:0.5)..(e1.west);
}
{
\draw[<->,dotted,thick,ublue] (w3.south)--(c3.north) node[pos=0.5,right] (mismatch1) {\color{red}{\tiny{不匹配}}};
\draw[dotted,thick,ublue] ([xshift=-0.6em,yshift=0.0em]c3.south east)--([xshift=0.8em,yshift=0.0em]e5.north west);
}
{
\draw[<->,dotted,thick,ublue] (w5.south)--(c5.north) node[pos=0.5,right] (mismatch1) {\color{red}{\tiny{不匹配}}};
\draw[dotted,thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=0.0em]c5.south west)--([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-0.2em]e3.north);
}
{
\draw[double,->,thick,ublue] (e3.south)--([yshift=-1.2em]e3.south) node[pos=0.5,right,xshift=0.2em,yshift=0.2em] (step1) {\color{red}{\tiny{用`你'替换`他'}}};
\draw[->,dotted,thick,red] ([xshift=-0.1em]entry2.east)..controls +(east:4) and +(west:4)..([yshift=-0.6em,xshift=-0.5em]e3.south) ;
}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in,yshift=-0.9in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c1) at (0,0) {我};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c2) at ([xshift=0.3em]c1.north east) {对};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c3) at ([xshift=0.3em]c2.north east) {\footnotesize{{\color{ublue} 你}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c4) at ([xshift=0.3em]c3.north east) {感到};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c5) at ([xshift=0.3em]c4.north east) {高兴};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in,yshift=-1.3in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e1) at (0,0) {I};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e2) at ([xshift=0.3em]e1.east) {am};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e3) at ([xshift=0.3em]e2.east) {happy};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e4) at ([xshift=0.3em]e3.east) {with};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e5) at ([xshift=0.3em,yshift=-0.2em]e4.east) {\textbf{{\color{ublue} you}}};
}
\end{scope}
{
\draw[dotted,thick,ublue] ([xshift=-0.6em,yshift=0.0em]c3.south east)--([xshift=0.8em,yshift=0.0em]e5.north west);
}
{
\draw[double,->,thick,ublue] (e3.south)--([yshift=-1.2em]e3.south) node[pos=0.5,right,xshift=0.2em,yshift=0.2em] (step1) {\color{red}{\tiny{用`满意'替换`高兴'}}};
\draw[->,dotted,thick,red] ([xshift=-1.2em,yshift=-0.6em]entry3.north east)..controls +(east:2) and +(west:3)..([yshift=-0.6em,xshift=-0.5em]e3.south) ;
}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in,yshift=-1.6in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c1) at (0,0) {我};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c2) at ([xshift=0.3em]c1.north east) {对};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c3) at ([xshift=0.3em]c2.north east) {你};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c4) at ([xshift=0.3em]c3.north east) {感到};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1mm] (c5) at ([xshift=0.3em]c4.north east) {\footnotesize{{\color{ublue} 满意}}};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in,yshift=-2.0in]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e1) at (0,0) {I};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e2) at ([xshift=0.3em]e1.east) {am};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e3) at ([xshift=0.3em]e2.east) {\textbf{{\color{ublue} satisfied}}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e4) at ([xshift=0.3em]e3.east) {with};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1mm] (e5) at ([xshift=0.3em,yshift=-0.2em]e4.east) {you};
}
\end{scope}
{
\draw[dotted,thick,ublue] ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=0.0em]c5.south west)--([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-0.2em]e3.north);
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{\footnotesize
\node[rectangle,draw=red,thick,inner sep=0mm] [fit = (e1) (e2) (e3) (e4) (e5)] {};
\node[anchor=north] (outputlabel) at (e3.south) {\footnotesize{\color{red}{输出翻译结果}}};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-a-simple-pre-processing-process.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\vspace{0.5em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\small
\node [ugreen] (input) at (0,0) {猫喜欢吃鱼};
\node [draw,thick,anchor=west,ublue] (preprocessing) at ([xshift=1em]input.east) {分词系统};
\node [ugreen,anchor=west] (mtinput) at ([xshift=1em]preprocessing.east) {猫/喜欢/吃/鱼};
\node [draw,thick,anchor=west,ublue] (smt) at ([xshift=1em]mtinput.east) {MT系统};
\node [anchor=west] (mtoutput) at ([xshift=1em]smt.east) {...};
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.1em]input.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]preprocessing.west);
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]preprocessing.east) -- ([xshift=-0.1em]mtinput.west);
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.1em]mtinput.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]smt.west);
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]smt.east) -- ([xshift=-0.1em]mtoutput.west);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-analysis-of-sentence-participle&syntactic.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\vspace{0.3em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[scale=1.0,level distance=30pt,sibling distance=15pt,grow'=up]
{
\Tree[.\node(sn0){IP};
[.\node(sn1){NP};
[.\node(sn2){NN}; \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.\node(sn3){VP};
[.\node(sn4){VV}; \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.\node(sn5){VP}; \edge[roof]; \node(sw3){吃 \ 鱼}; ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-cross-type-word-segmentation-ambiguity.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
{\small
\node [anchor=north west] (entry1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 很};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry1.south west) {\textbf{2:} 高};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry2.south west) {\textbf{3:} 现在};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry3.south west) {\textbf{4:} 物价};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry5) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry4.south west) {\textbf{5:} 确实};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry6) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry5.south west) {\textbf{6:} 实现};
\node [anchor=south west] (dictionarylabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue} 分词词典}};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0.2em] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (entry5) (entry6) (dictionarylabel)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
{
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.2in,yshift=1em]
\node [anchor=west] (c1) at (0,0) {确};
\node [anchor=west] (c2) at ([xshift=0em]c1.east) {实};
\node [anchor=west] (c3) at ([xshift=0em]c2.east) {现};
\node [anchor=west] (c4) at ([xshift=0em]c3.east) {在};
\node [anchor=west] (c5) at ([xshift=0em]c4.east) {物};
\node [anchor=west] (c6) at ([xshift=0em]c5.east) {价};
\node [anchor=west] (c7) at ([xshift=0em]c6.east) {很};
\node [anchor=west] (c8) at ([xshift=0em]c7.east) {高};
\end{scope}
}
{
\node [anchor=west,thick,draw,minimum width=3.4em,minimum height=1.5em] (w1) at (c3.west){};
\draw [->,thick] (entry3.30) ..controls +(70:1) and +(south:1.5).. ([xshift=0.3em]w1.south) node [pos=0.5, above] {\footnotesize{命中}};
}
{
\node [anchor=west,very thick,draw,dotted,minimum width=3.4em,minimum height=1.9em,red] (w3) at (c2.west){};
\draw [->,very thick,dotted,red] ([yshift=-0.2em]entry6.30) ..controls +(60:2) and +(south:3).. ([xshift=-0.6em]w3.south) node [pos=0.5, below] {\color{red}{\footnotesize{命中}}};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-evaluation-of-probability-for-grammar.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=0pt,level distance=17pt]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n1){IP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n2){NP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n3){NN}; 狗 ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n4){VP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n5){VV}; 喜欢 ]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n6){VP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n7){VV}; 吃 ]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t1n8){NN}; 骨头 ]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=0pt,level distance=17pt,yshift=-7em]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n1){IP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n2){VP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n3){VV}; \node[](t2w1){请}; ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n4){IP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n5){VP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n6){VV}; 看 ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n7){NP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n8){QP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n9){CD}; 一 ]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n10){M}; 个 ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n11){ADJP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n12){JJ}; 新 ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n13){NP};
[.\node[inner sep=2pt](t2n14){NN}; \node[](t2wn){句子}; ]
]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\node [anchor=south] (treebanklabel) at (t1n1.north) {{\color{ublue} 数据：树库}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0.2em] [fit = (treebanklabel) (t1n1) (t2w1) (t2wn)] (treebank) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=north west] (math1) at ([xshift=2em]treebank.north east) {P(``VP $\to$ VV NN'')};
\node [anchor=north west] (math1part2) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0.2em]math1.south west) {$=\frac{\textrm{``VP''和``VV NN''同时出现的次数=1}}{\textrm{``VP''出现的次数}=4}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (math1part3) at ([yshift=0.2em]math1part2.south west){$=\frac{1}{4}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (math2) at ([yshift=-6em]math1.north west) {P(``NP $\to$ NN'')};
\node [anchor=north west] (math2part2) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0.2em]math2.south west) {$=\frac{\textrm{``NP''和``NN''同时出现的次数=2}}{\textrm{``NP''出现的次数}=3}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (math2part3) at ([yshift=0.2em]math2part2.south west){$=\frac{2}{3}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (math3) at ([yshift=-6em]math2.north west) {P(``IP $\to$ NP NP'')};
\node [anchor=north west] (math3part2) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0.2em]math3.south west) {$=\frac{\textrm{``IP''和``NP NP''同时出现的次数=0}}{\textrm{``IP''出现的次数}=3}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (math3part3) at ([yshift=0.2em]math3part2.south west){$=\frac{0}{3}$};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\path [] (t1n4.north east) -- (t1n4.north west) -- (t1n4.south west) -- (t1n4.south east);
\path [] (t1n6.north east) -- (t1n6.north west) -- (t1n6.south west) -- (t1n6.south east);
\path [] (t2n2.north east) -- (t2n2.north west) -- (t2n2.south west) -- (t2n2.south east);
\path [] (t2n5.north east) -- (t2n5.north west) -- (t2n5.south west) -- (t2n5.south east);
\path [] (t1n6.north west) -- (t1n7.north west) -- (t1n7.south west) -- (t1n8.south east) -- (t1n8.north east) -- (t1n6.north east);
\path [] (t1n2.north east) -- (t1n2.north west) -- (t1n2.south west) -- (t1n2.south east);
\path [] (t2n7.north east) -- (t2n7.north west) -- (t2n7.south west) -- (t2n7.south east);
\path [] (t2n13.north east) -- (t2n13.north west) -- (t2n13.south west) -- (t2n13.south east);
\path [] (t1n2.north west) -- (t1n3.south west) -- (t1n3.south east) -- (t1n2.north east) -- (t1n2.north west);
\path [] (t2n13.north west) -- (t2n14.south west) -- (t2n14.south east) -- (t2n13.north east) -- (t2n13.north west);
\path [] (t1n1.north east) -- (t1n1.north west) -- (t1n1.south west) -- (t1n1.south east);
\path [] (t2n4.north east) -- (t2n4.north west) -- (t2n4.south west) -- (t2n4.south east);
\path [] (t2n1.north east) -- (t2n1.north west) -- (t2n1.south west) -- (t2n1.south east);
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-example-of-derivation.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.38\linewidth}
{\small
\begin{eqnarray}
& &\textrm{IP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_8}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_5}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NN VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_1}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_7}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 VV VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_2}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_6}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 VV NN} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_3}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 吃 NN} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_4}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 吃 鱼} \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.55\linewidth}
\vspace{1.0em}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (r1) at (0,0) {$r_1$: NN $\to$ 猫};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (r2) at ([xshift=3em]r1.east) {$r_2$: VV $\to$ 喜欢};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r3) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r1.south west) {$r_3$: VV $\to$ 吃};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r4) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r2.south west) {$r_4$: NN $\to$ 鱼};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r5) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r3.south west) {$r_5$: NP $\to$ NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r6) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r4.south west) {$r_6$: VP $\to$ VV NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r7) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r5.south west) {$r_7$: VP $\to$ VV VP};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r8) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r6.south west) {$r_8$: IP $\to$ NP VP};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (r1) at (0,0) {$r_1$: NN $\to$ 猫};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (r2) at ([xshift=3em]r1.east) {$r_2$: VV $\to$ 喜欢};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r3) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r1.south west) {$r_3$: VV $\to$ 吃};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r4) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r2.south west) {$r_4$: NN $\to$ 鱼};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r5) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r3.south west) {$r_5$: NP $\to$ NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r6) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r4.south west) {$r_6$: VP $\to$ VV NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r7) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r5.south west) {$r_7$: VP $\to$ VV VP};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r8) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r6.south west) {$r_8$: IP $\to$ NP VP};
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=4.5em,yshift=-5.5em,level distance=20pt,sibling distance=13pt]
\Tree[.IP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NP} \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){猫}; ]
] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VP} \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw2){喜欢}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VP} \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw2){喜欢}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VP} \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw2){喜欢}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VP} \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw2){喜欢}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VP} \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP
[.VV \edge[white]; \node[white](sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.VP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP
[.VV \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.VP \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} VV} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ] \edge[white];
[.{\color{white} NN} \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP
[.VV \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.VP
[.VV \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){吃}; ]
[.NN \edge[white]; \node[white](sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP
[.VV \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.VP
[.VV \node(sw1){吃}; ]
[.NN \node(sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{minipage}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-example-of-word-segmentation-based-on-dictionary.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
{\small
\node [anchor=north west] (entry1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 很};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry1.south west) {\textbf{2:} 高};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry2.south west) {\textbf{3:} 现在};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry3.south west) {\textbf{4:} 物价};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry5) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry4.south west) {\textbf{5:} 确实};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry6) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry5.south west) {\textbf{6:} 实现};
\node [anchor=south west] (dictionarylabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue} 分词词典}};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0.2em] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (entry5) (entry6) (dictionarylabel)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{scope}
{
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.2in,yshift=1em]
\node [anchor=west] (c1) at (0,0) {确};
\node [anchor=west] (c2) at ([xshift=0em]c1.east) {实};
\node [anchor=west] (c3) at ([xshift=0em]c2.east) {现};
\node [anchor=west] (c4) at ([xshift=0em]c3.east) {在};
\node [anchor=west] (c5) at ([xshift=0em]c4.east) {物};
\node [anchor=west] (c6) at ([xshift=0em]c5.east) {价};
\node [anchor=west] (c7) at ([xshift=0em]c6.east) {很};
\node [anchor=west] (c8) at ([xshift=0em]c7.east) {高};
\end{scope}
}
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.2in,yshift=-4em]
{
\node [anchor=west] (bc1) at (0,0) {确};
\node [anchor=west] (bc2) at ([xshift=0em]bc1.east) {实};
}
{
\node [anchor=west] (bc3) at ([xshift=0em]bc2.east) {现};
\node [anchor=west] (bc4) at ([xshift=0em]bc3.east) {在};
}
{
\node [anchor=west] (bc5) at ([xshift=0em]bc4.east) {物};
\node [anchor=west] (bc6) at ([xshift=0em]bc5.east) {价};
}
{
\node [anchor=west] (bc7) at ([xshift=0em]bc6.east) {很};
}
{
\node [anchor=west] (bc8) at ([xshift=0em]bc7.east) {高};
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{
\draw [-,very thick] ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=0.1em]bc2.south east) -- ([xshift=0.3em,yshift=-0.1em]bc3.north west);
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{
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{
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{
\draw [-,very thick] ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=0.1em]bc7.south east) -- ([xshift=0.3em,yshift=-0.1em]bc8.north west);
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{
\draw [<-,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em]c1.north west) -- ([yshift=0.2em]c1.north west);
\node [anchor=south] (b1) at ([yshift=0.0em]c1.north west) {\scriptsize{起始}};
}
{
\draw [<-,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em]c3.north west) -- ([yshift=0.2em]c3.north west);
\node [anchor=south] (b2) at ([yshift=0.0em]c3.north west) {\scriptsize{起始}};
}
{
\draw [<-,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em]c5.north west) -- ([yshift=0.2em]c5.north west);
\node [anchor=south] (b3) at ([yshift=0.0em]c5.north west) {\scriptsize{起始}};
}
{
\draw [<-,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em]c7.north west) -- ([yshift=0.2em]c7.north west);
\node [anchor=south] (b4) at ([yshift=0.0em]c7.north west) {\scriptsize{起始}};
}
{
\draw [<-,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em]c8.north west) -- ([yshift=0.2em]c8.north west);
\node [anchor=south] (b5) at ([yshift=0.0em]c8.north west) {\scriptsize{起始}};
}
{
\node [anchor=west,thick,draw,red,minimum width=1.6em,minimum height=1.3em] (w18) at ([xshift=0.1em]c8.west){};
\node [anchor=north] (l18) at ([yshift=0.2em]w18.south) {{\color{red} \footnotesize{命中:2}}};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-example-of-zh-syntactic-analysis.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[anchor=west] (input) at (0,0) {\textbf{ \scriptsize{源句语法树}}};
%\node[anchor=north west] (rule) at ([xshift=-14.5em,yshift=11.5em]input.south west) {\scriptsize{句法翻译规则:}};
%\node[anchor=north west] (rule2) at ([yshift=0.2em]rule.south west) {\scriptsize{(VP BA(将) $x_1$:NP $x_2$:VP PP(P(给) $x_3$:NP))}};
%\node[anchor=north west] (rule3) at ([yshift=0.2em]rule2.south west) {\scriptsize{$\to$ $x_2$ $x_1$ to $x_3$ }};
\begin{scope}[scale = 0.7, grow'=up, sibling distance=6pt, level distance=35pt, xshift=3.6em, yshift=1.0em]
\Tree[.\node(tn1){IP};
[.\node(tn2){NP}; \edge[roof]; \node[](seg1){中国$_1$ 明星$_2$ 艺术团$_3$}; ]
[.\node(tn3){VP};
[.\node(tn4){BA}; \node[fill=red!20!white](seg2){将$_4$}; ]
[.\node(tn5){NP}; \edge[roof]; \node[fill=blue!20!white](seg3){一$_5$ 台$_6$ 精彩$_7$ 的$_8$ 京剧$_9$ 歌舞$_{10}$}; ]
[.\node(tn6){VP};
[.\node(tn7){VV}; \node[fill=green!20!white](seg4){呈现$_{11}$}; ]
]
[.\node(tn8){PP};
[.\node(tn9){P}; \node[fill=red!20!white](seg5){给$_{12}$}; ]
[.\node(tn10){NP}; \edge[roof]; \node[fill=purple!20!white](seg6){香港$_{13}$ 观众$_{14}$}; ]
]
]
[.\node(tn11){.}; ]
]
\end{scope}
%\draw [-,dotted,very thick,blue] (tn3.south west) -- (tn4.south west) -- (seg2.north west) -- (seg2.north east) -- ([xshift=0.0em]tn4.north east) -- ([xshift=0.8em]tn6.north east) -- (seg5.north west) -- (seg5.north east) -- ([yshift=-1.2em]seg5.south east) -- (tn10.north east) -- (tn10.south east) -- (tn8.south east) -- (tn3.south east) -- (tn3.south west);
%\draw[<->,dotted,blue,thick] ([yshift=-0.3em]seg2.south west) .. controls +(west:0.7) and +(south:0.5) .. ([xshift=-1.8em]rule2.south);
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-examples-of-chinese-word-segmentation-based-on-1-gram-model.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (entry1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 这 / 是 / 数据};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry1.south west) {\textbf{2:} 现在 / 已经 / 实现};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry2.south west) {\textbf{3:} 确实 / 有 / 很 / 多};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry3.south west) {...};
\node [anchor=south west] (corpuslabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue} \textbf{学习用数据}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (corpuslabel)] (corpus) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (P) at ([xshift=5.2em,yshift=-0.8em]corpus.east){\large{P($\cdot$)}};
\node [anchor=south] (modellabel) at (P.north) {{\color{ublue} {\scriptsize \textbf{统计模型}}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (P) (modellabel)] (model) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]corpus.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]corpus.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{统计学习}}};
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]model.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]model.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{搜索\&计算}}};
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (sentlabel) at ([xshift=6.2em,yshift=-1em]model.north east) {\color{red}{自动分词系统}};
\node [anchor=north west] (sent) at (sentlabel.south west) {\textbf{对任意句子进行分词}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (sentlabel) (sent)] (segsystem) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
{\footnotesize
{
\node [anchor=west] (label1) at (0,6em) {实际上，通过学习我们得到了一个分词模型P($\cdot$)，给定任意的分词结果};
\node [anchor=north west] (label1part2) at ([yshift=0.5em]label1.south west) {$W=w_1 w_2...w_n$，都能通过P($W$)=$\textrm{P}(w_1) \cdot \textrm{P}(w_2) \cdot ... \cdot \textrm{P}(w_n)$ 计算这种分词的\hspace{0.13em} };
\node [anchor=north west] (label1part3) at ([yshift=0.5em]label1part2.south west) {概率值};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,fill=blue!10,thick,dotted,inner sep=0.2em] [fit = (label1) (label1part2) (label1part3)] (label1content) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
{
\draw [-,thick,red,dotted] ([yshift=0.3em]modellabel.north) ..controls +(north:0.5) and +(south:0.5).. ([xshift=-3em]label1content.south);
}
}
{\footnotesize
{
\node [anchor=west] (label1) at (0,-6.8em) {\textbf{自动分词系统}：对任意的数据句子$S$，找到最佳的分词结果$W^{*}$输出};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (label2) at (label1.south west) {假设输入$S$=“确实现在数据很多”};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west,draw,thick,inner sep=2pt] (data11) at (label2.south west) {枚举所有可能的切分};
}
{
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,inner sep=2pt] (data12) at ([xshift=4em]data11.east) {计算每种切分的概率};
}
{
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,inner sep=2pt] (data13) at ([xshift=4.0em]data12.east) {选择最佳结果};
}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=0.1em]data11.east) -- ([xshift=-0.1em]data12.west);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=0.1em]data12.east) -- ([xshift=-0.1em]data13.west);
}
{\scriptsize
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data21) at (data11.south west) {确/实现/在/数/据很/多};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data22) at (data12.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“确”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“实现”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“在”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“数”}) \cdot $};
}
\node [anchor=north west,minimum height=1.6em] (data23) at (data13.south west) {};
\node [anchor=north west,minimum height=1.6em] (data31) at ([yshift=0.3em]data21.south west) {};
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data32) at ([yshift=0.3em]data22.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“据很”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“多”}) = 2.13 \times 10^{-45}$};
}
\node [anchor=north west,minimum height=1.6em] (data33) at ([yshift=0.3em]data23.south west) {};
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data41) at (data31.south west) {确实/现在/数据/很多};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data42) at (data32.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“确实”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“现在”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“数据”}) \cdot $};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data43) at ([yshift=-0.2em,xshift=3em]data33.south west) {\color{red}{\textbf{输出}}};
\draw [->,red,thick] (data43.west)--([xshift=-1em]data43.west);
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data51) at (data41.south west) {...};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (data52) at ([yshift=0.3em]data42.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“很”}) \cdot \textrm{P}(\textrm{“多”}) = 1.54 \times 10^{-25}$};
}
\node [anchor=north west] (data53) at ([yshift=0.3em]data43.south west) {};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,fill=blue!10,thick,dotted,inner sep=0.1em] [fit = (label1) (data11) (data13) (data51) (data52) (data53)] (segcontent) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
{
\draw [-,thick,red,dotted] (segcontent.north) ..controls +(north:0.7) and +(south:0.7).. (segsystem.south);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-full-probability-word-segmentation-1.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{
\begin{scope}
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s1) at (0,0) {{88}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s2) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s1.east) {{87}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s3) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s2.east) {{45}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s4) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s3.east) {{47}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s5) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s4.east) {{100}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s6) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s5.east) {{15}};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm]
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s1) at (0,0) {{5}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s2) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s1.east) {{230}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s3) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s2.east) {{7}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s4) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s3.east) {{234}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s5) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s4.east) {{500}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s6) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s5.east) {{39}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s7) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s6.east) {{100}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s8) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s7.east) {{15}};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-2cm]
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s1) at (0,0) {{975}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s2) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s1.east) {{7}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s3) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s2.east) {{234}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s4) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s3.east) {{294}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s5) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s4.east) {{15}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s6) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s5.east) {{15}};
\end{scope}
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-full-probability-word-segmentation-2.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s1) at (0,0) {这};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s2) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s1.east) {是};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s3) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s2.east) {一};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s4) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s3.east) {种};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s5) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s4.east) {\small{数据}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s6) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s5.east) {。};
\node[anchor=west] (s7) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s6.east) {...};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm]
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s1) at (0,0) {现在};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s2) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s1.east) {已经};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s3) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s2.east) {有};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s4) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s3.east) {不少};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s5) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s4.east) {\small{可}};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s6) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s5.east) {用};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s7) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s6.east) {数据};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s8) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s7.east) {。};
\node[anchor=west] (s9) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s8.east) {...};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-2cm]
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s1) at (0,0) {确实};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s2) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s1.east) {有};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s3) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s2.east) {很};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s4) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s3.east) {多};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt, inner sep=0] (s5) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s4.east) {疑问};
\node[anchor=west,draw,very thick,minimum size=25pt] (s6) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s5.east) {。};
\node[anchor=west] (s7) at ([xshift=0.2cm]s6.east) {...};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-full-probability-word-segmentation-3.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west] (label1) at (0,0) {总词数：$6 + 8 + 5 = 20$};
\node [anchor=north west] (p1) at (label1.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“很”})=1/20=0.05$};
\node [anchor=north west] (p2) at (p1.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“。”})=3/20=0.15$};
\node [anchor=north west] (p3) at (p2.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“确实”})=1/20=0.05$};
\node [anchor=north west] (label11) at ([xshift=18.0em,yshift=1.63em]label1.south west) {更多数据-总词数:100K $\sim$ 1M};
\node [anchor=north west] (p12) at (label11.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“很”})=0.000010$};
\node [anchor=north west] (p22) at (p12.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“。”})=0.001812$};
\node [anchor=north west] (p32) at (p22.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\textrm{“确实”})=0.000001$};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit =(label1)(label11)(p3)(p32)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-mt-system-as-a-black-box.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\vspace{0.3em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [] (input) at (0,0) {{\scriptsize 猫喜欢吃鱼}};
\node [] (output) at ([xshift=3.35in]input.east) {{\scriptsize Cats like eating fish}};
\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=-1pt]input.east) -- ([xshift=8pt]input.east);
\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=-10pt]output.west) -- ([xshift=-0pt]output.west);
%{
%\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=-12pt]mtengine.west) -- ([xshift=-2pt]mtengine.west);
%\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=2pt]mtengine.east) -- ([xshift=12pt]mtengine.east);
%}
{
\node[minimum height=4em,minimum width=4.5em,fill=white] (inputmarking) at (0.88in,-0.39in) {};
\node[minimum height=4em,minimum width=5.2em,fill=white] (outputmarking) at (2.57in,-0.39in) {};
}
\node [anchor=south] (inputlabel) at ([yshift=-0.5em]input.north) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{输入}}}};
\node [anchor=south] (outputlabel) at ([yshift=-0.5em]output.north) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{输出}}}};
{
\node [anchor=west] (mtinputlabel) at ([xshift=0.32in]inputlabel.east) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{}}}};
\node [anchor=west] (mtoutputlabel) at ([xshift=0.88in]mtinputlabel.east) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{}}}};
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (mtinputlabel) (mtoutputlabel) (inputmarking) (outputmarking)] {};
}
{
\node[rectangle,fill=ublue,inner sep=0mm] [fit = (mtinputlabel) (mtoutputlabel) (inputmarking) (outputmarking)] {{\color{white} \textbf{\Large{MT 系统}}}};
}
%\begin{scope}[scale=0.9,xshift=1.2in,yshift=-1.2in,level distance=20pt,sibling distance=0pt]
%
%\end{scope}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-mt=language-analysis+translation-engine.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\vspace{0.3em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [] (input) at (0,0) {{\scriptsize 猫喜欢吃鱼}};
{
\begin{scope}[scale=0.8,xshift=0.9in,yshift=-0.87in,level distance=20pt,sibling distance=-1pt,grow'=up]
{\scriptsize
\Tree[.\node(sn0){IP};
[.\node(sn1){NP};
[.\node(sn2){NN}; \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.\node(sn3){VP};
[.\node(sn4){VV}; \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.\node(sn5){VP}; \edge[roof]; \node(sw3){吃 \ 鱼}; ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,inner sep=3pt,ublue] (mtengine) at ([xshift=1.05in]input.east) {{\scriptsize MT系统}};
\begin{scope}[scale=0.8,xshift=3.0in,yshift=-0.87in,level distance=20pt,sibling distance=-3pt,grow'=up]
{\scriptsize
\Tree[.\node(tn0){S};
[.\node(tn1){NP};
[.\node(tn2){NNS}; \node(tw1){cats}; ]
]
[.\node(tn3){VP};
[.\node(tn4){VB}; \node(tw2){like}; ]
[.\node(tn5){VP}; \edge[roof]; \node(tw3){eating fish}; ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
}
\node [] (output) at ([xshift=3.35in]input.east) {{\scriptsize Cats like eating fish}};
\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=-1pt]input.east) -- ([xshift=8pt]input.east);
\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=-10pt]output.west) -- ([xshift=-0pt]output.west);
{
\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=-12pt]mtengine.west) -- ([xshift=-2pt]mtengine.west);
\draw[->,thick] ([xshift=2pt]mtengine.east) -- ([xshift=12pt]mtengine.east);
}
{
\node[minimum height=4em,minimum width=4.5em] (inputmarking) at (0.85in,-0.39in) {};
\node[minimum height=4em,minimum width=5.2em] (outputmarking) at (2.55in,-0.39in) {};
}
\node [anchor=south] (inputlabel) at ([yshift=-0.5em]input.north) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{输入}}}};
\node [anchor=south] (outputlabel) at ([yshift=-0.5em]output.north) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{输出}}}};
{
\node [anchor=west] (mtinputlabel) at ([xshift=0.29in]inputlabel.east) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{实际的输入}}}};
\node [anchor=west] (mtoutputlabel) at ([xshift=1.0in]mtinputlabel.east) {{\scriptsize \color{red}{\textbf{实际的输出}}}};
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue, inner sep=0mm] [fit = (mtinputlabel) (mtoutputlabel) (inputmarking) (outputmarking)] {};
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-no-smoothing&smoothed-probability-distributions.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\begin{tikzpicture}%画图中的属性如xshift应该是通用的，前面的关键字如xlabel规定了修改的部分
\begin{axis}[
width=10cm, height=4.5cm,
symbolic x coords={未抽取词,do,want,what,am,people,look},%自定义x坐标
xtick=data,%自定义x坐标
ytick={0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25},
xlabel={低概率词汇},
ylabel={词汇概率},
legend pos=outer north east,%图标位置
xlabel style={align=right,xshift=5.3cm,yshift=0.8cm,font=\footnotesize},
ylabel style={rotate=-90,yshift=2cm,xshift=1cm,font=\footnotesize},
y tick style={opacity=0},%隐藏y轴刻度线
x tick style={opacity=0},%隐藏x轴刻度线
x tick label style={anchor=base,font=\footnotesize,yshift=-0.5cm},
y tick label style={font=\footnotesize,/pgf/number format/.cd,fixed,precision=2},%y轴精度，不用科学表示
y axis line style={opacity=0},%隐藏y轴
tick align=inside,%原本的横行线
ymajorgrids,%显示横行网格线
axis x line*=bottom,%显示x轴坐标汉字（应该是对齐）
major grid style={dotted,draw=ublue},%横行线颜色
axis on top,%网格线位于顶层
legend style={anchor=north west,font=\footnotesize},%图标格式
ymin=0,
ymax=0.25]
\addplot [ybar,bar shift=-2mm,bar width=4mm,fill=blue!40,draw=blue!40,area legend] coordinates{(未抽取词,0) (do,0.05) (want,0.05) (what,0.05) (am,0.1) (people,0.15) (look,0.2)};%area legend图例显示长方形颜色
\addplot [ybar,bar shift=2mm,bar width=4mm,fill=red!40,draw=red!40,area legend] coordinates{(未抽取词,0.03) (do,0.062) (want,0.062) (what,0.062) (am,0.09) (people,0.122) (look,0.138)};
\legend{未平滑,平滑后}%右上图例
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-perspectives-of-expert-ordinary-and-syntactic-parser.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tabular}{l c c c}
&
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=-5pt, level distance=20pt]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.IP
[.VP
[.VP
[.NN 猫 ]
[.VV 喜欢 ]
]
[.VV 吃 ]
]
[.NP
[.NN 鱼 ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
&
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=-5pt, level distance=20pt]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN 猫 ]
]
[.VP
[.VV 喜欢 ]
[.VP
[.VV 吃 ]
[.NN 鱼 ]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
&
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=-5pt, level distance=20pt]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN 猫 ]
]
[.VP
[.VP
[.VV 喜欢 ]
[.VV 吃 ]
]
[.NP
[.NN 鱼 ]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\\
语言学家: & 不对 & 对 & 不对 \\
我们: & 似乎对了 & 比较肯定 & 不太可能 \\
分析器: & $\textrm{P}=0.2$ & $\textrm{P}=0.6$ & $\textrm{P}=0.1$
\end{tabular}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-phrase-structure-tree-and-dependency-tree.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=7pt,level distance=22pt]
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn0){IP\scriptsize{:句子}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn1){NP\scriptsize{:名}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn2){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn3){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn4){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn5){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn6){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw1){吃}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn7){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn0){IP\scriptsize{:句子}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn1){NP\scriptsize{:名}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn2){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn3){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn4){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn5){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn6){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw1){吃}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn7){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=red!20](sn0){IP\scriptsize{:句子}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=red!20](sn1){NP\scriptsize{:名}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn2){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=red!20](sn3){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn4){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](sn5){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn6){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw1){吃}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn7){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=red!20](sn0){IP\scriptsize{:句子}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=red!20](sn1){NP\scriptsize{:名}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn2){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=red!20](sn3){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=blue!20](sn4){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=green!20](sn5){VP\scriptsize{:动}};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=green!20](sn6){VV\tiny{:动词}}; \node(sw1){吃}; ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt,fill=green!20](sn7){NN\tiny{:名词}}; \node(sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.7in,yshift=-0.4in]
\node [,inner sep=2pt] (w1) at (0,0) {猫};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (w2) at ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=3em]w1.east) {喜欢};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (w3) at ([xshift=4.5em]w1.east) {吃};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (w4) at ([xshift=2em,yshift=-3em]w3.east) {鱼};
\draw [-,ultra thick,ublue] (w1.north east) -- (w2.south) node [pos=0.3, above, xshift=-0.5em] {\color{red}{\tiny{主谓}}};
\draw [-,ultra thick,red] (w3.north west) -- (w2.south) node [pos=0.3, above, xshift=0.5em] {\color{red}{\tiny{连动}}};
\draw [-,ultra thick,ugreen] (w3.south east) -- (w4.north west) node [pos=0.5, above, xshift=0.5em] {\color{red}{\tiny{谓宾}}};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-probability-density-function&distribution-function.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.5]
\draw [-,very thick] (-2,-1) cos(0,1.5) sin (2,4) cos(4,1.5) sin(6,-1) ;
\draw [-latex,thick] (-2.0,-1.2) -- (10,-1.2);%横轴
\draw [-latex,thick] (-0.5,-2.0) -- (-0.5,6);%纵轴
\draw [-,dashed] (2,4) -- (2,-1.2); %%图中纵轴虚线
\draw [-,dashed] (-0.5,4) -- (2,4); %%图中横轴虚线
\node [anchor=north] at (-0.8,-1.2) {0};
\node [anchor=north] at (2,-1.2) {$\mu$};
\node [anchor=north] at (-1.4,4.75) {$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}\sigma}$};
\node [anchor=north] at (-1.2,6.2) {\scriptsize{$f(x)$}};
\node [anchor=north] at (9.6,-1.2) {\footnotesize{$x$}};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.5,xshift=35.0em]
\draw [-,very thick] (-2,-1) cos(3,1.5) sin(8,4) ;
\draw [-latex,thick] (-2.0,-1.2) -- (10,-1.2);%横轴
\draw [-latex,thick] (-0.5,-2.0) -- (-0.5,6.0);%纵轴
\draw [-,dashed] (3,1.5) -- (3,-1.2); %%图中纵轴虚线
\draw [-,dashed] (-0.5,1.5) -- (3,1.5); %%图中横轴虚线
\draw [-,dashed] (-0.5,4.2) -- (8.5,4.2); %%图中横轴虚线
\node [anchor=north] at (-0.8,-1.2) {0};
\node [anchor=north] at (3,-1.2) {$\mu$};
\node [anchor=north] at (-1.1,2.0) {0.5};
\node [anchor=north] at (-0.8,4.7) {1};
\node [anchor=north] at (-1.2,6.2) {\scriptsize{$F(x)$}};
\node [anchor=north] at (9.6,-1.2) {\footnotesize{$x$}};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-probability-values-corresponding-to-different-derivations.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [] (sent) at (0,0) {\textbf{猫 喜欢 吃 鱼}};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=-8em,yshift=-9em,sibling distance=-5pt,level distance=17pt,grow'=up]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.IP
[.VP
[.VP
[.NN 猫 ]
[.VV 喜欢 ]
]
[.VV 吃 ]
]
[.NP
[.NN 鱼 ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=-1em,yshift=-9em,sibling distance=-5pt,level distance=17pt,grow'=up]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN 猫 ]
]
[.VP
[.VV 喜欢 ]
[.VP
[.VV 吃 ]
[.NN 鱼 ]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=8em,yshift=-9em,sibling distance=-5pt, level distance=17pt,grow'=up]
{\footnotesize
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN 猫 ]
]
[.VP
[.VP
[.VV 喜欢 ]
[.VV 吃 ]
]
[.NP
[.NN 鱼 ]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=-2em]sent.south) ..controls + (south:2em) and +(north:2em).. ([xshift=-8em,yshift=-2em]sent.south);
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=-1em]sent.south) ..controls + (south:2em) and +(north:2em).. ([xshift=-2em,yshift=-2em]sent.south);
\draw [->,thick,ublue] ([xshift=0em]sent.south) ..controls + (south:2em) and +(north:2em).. ([xshift=6.5em,yshift=-2em]sent.south);
\draw [->,thick,ublue,dotted] ([xshift=1em]sent.south) ..controls + (south:1.5em) and +(north:2.5em).. ([xshift=12.5em,yshift=-2em]sent.south);
\node [anchor=north west] (others) at (11.8em,-3em) {...};
\node [] (d1) at (-9em,-10em) {$d_1$};
\node [] (d2) at (0em,-10em) {$d_2$};
\node [] (d3) at (8.5em,-10em) {$d_2$};
\node [anchor=east] (d1p) at ([xshift=0.4em]d1.west) {$\textrm{P}($};
\node [anchor=west] (d1p2) at ([xshift=-0.4em]d1.east) {$)=0.0123$};
\node [anchor=east] (d2p) at ([xshift=0.4em]d2.west) {$\textrm{P}($};
\node [anchor=west] (d2p2) at ([xshift=-0.4em]d2.east) {$)=0.4031$};
\node [anchor=east] (d3p) at ([xshift=0.4em]d3.west) {$\textrm{P}($};
\node [anchor=west] (d3p2) at ([xshift=-0.4em]d3.east) {$)=0.0056$};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-process-of-statistical-syntax-analysis.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\scriptsize
\begin{scope}[level distance=10pt,xshift=1.5em,yshift=-0.5em]
{\tiny
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t1n1){IP};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t1n2){VP};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t1n3){VV}; \node[](t1w1){看}; ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t1n4){NP};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t1n5){M}; 个 ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t1n6){NN}; 例子 ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[level distance=10pt,xshift=6.5em,yshift=-0.5em]
{\tiny
\Tree[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t2n1){IP};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t2n2){NP};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t2n3){PN}; 你 ]
]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t2n4){VP};
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t2n5){VV}; 看到 ]
[.\node[inner sep=1pt](t2n6){AS}; \node[](t2wn){了}; ]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (othertrees) at ([xshift=1em]t2n1.east) {...};
\node [anchor=south west] (corpuslabel) at ([xshift=-1em]t1n1.north west) {{\color{ublue} \textbf{学习用数据}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (t1n1) (t1w1) (t2wn) (othertrees) (corpuslabel)] (corpus) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (P) at ([xshift=5.95em,yshift=-0.8em]corpus.east){\large{P($\cdot$)}};
\node [anchor=south] (modellabel) at (P.north) {{\color{ublue} {\scriptsize \textbf{统计分析模型}}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (P) (modellabel)] (model) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]corpus.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]corpus.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{统计学习}}};
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]model.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]model.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{搜索\&计算}}};
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west] (sentlabel) at ([xshift=6.2em,yshift=-1em]model.north east) {{\color{ublue} {\scriptsize \textbf{统计分析模型}}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (sent) at (sentlabel.south west) {\textbf{对任意句子进行分析}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (sentlabel) (sent)] (parser) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-rules-of-grammar.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\small
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (r1) at (0,0) {$r_1$: NN $\to$ 猫};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (r2) at ([xshift=6em]r1.east) {$r_2$: VV $\to$ 喜欢};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r3) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r1.south west) {$r_3$: VV $\to$ 吃};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r4) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r2.south west) {$r_4$: NN $\to$ 鱼};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r5) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r3.south west) {$r_5$: NP $\to$ NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r6) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r4.south west) {$r_6$: VP $\to$ VV NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r7) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r5.south west) {$r_7$: VP $\to$ VV VP};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (r8) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r6.south west) {$r_8$: IP $\to$ NP VP};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (r1) at (0,0) {$r_1$: NN $\to$ 猫};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (r2) at ([xshift=6em]r1.east) {$r_2$: VV $\to$ 喜欢};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (r3) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r1.south west) {$r_3$: VV $\to$ 吃};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (r4) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r2.south west) {$r_4$: NN $\to$ 鱼};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20] (r5) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r3.south west) {$r_5$: NP $\to$ NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20] (r6) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r4.south west) {$r_6$: VP $\to$ VV NN};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20] (r7) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r5.south west) {$r_7$: VP $\to$ VV VP};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20] (r8) at ([yshift=-0.2em]r6.south west) {$r_8$: IP $\to$ NP VP};
\node [anchor=north west,fill=blue!20] (sent1) at ([yshift=-0.4em]r7.south west) {$r_1,r_2,r_3,r_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (sent1part2) at (sent1.east) {为生成单词词性的规则};
\node [anchor=north west,fill=red!20] (sent2) at ([yshift=-0.2em]sent1.south west) {$r_5$};
\node [anchor=west] (sent2part2) at (sent2.east) {为单变量规则，它将词性NN进一步抽象为名词短语NP};
\node [anchor=north west,fill=green!20] (sent3) at ([yshift=-0.2em]sent2.south west){$r_6,r_7,r_8$};
\node [anchor=west] (sent3part2) at (sent3.east) {为句法结构规则，比如$r_8$表示了主(NP)+谓(VP)结构};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-schematic-chain-rule.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=north west](num1) at (0,0) {\large{A}};
\node [anchor=north west](num2) at ([xshift=5.8em,yshift=1.44em]num1.south west) {\large{B}};
\node [anchor=north west](num3) at ([xshift=5.8em,yshift=1.44em]num2.south west) {\large{C}};
\node [anchor=north west](num4) at ([xshift=5.8em,yshift=1.44em]num3.south west) {\large{D}};
\node [anchor=north west](num5) at ([xshift=0.04em,yshift=-2.5em]num3.south west) {\large{E}};
\draw [<-,very thick,black] (num1.east)--(num2.west);
\draw [->,very thick,black] (num2.east)--(num3.west);
\draw [<-,very thick,black] (num3.east)--(num4.west);
\draw [->,very thick,black] (num3.south)--(num5.north);
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-schematic-edge-probability&joint-probability.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[scale=1.0]
{
\node [anchor=north west,minimum width=7em, minimum height=2.5em,fill=blue!30](num1) at (0,0) {$A$\quad \quad \quad \quad };
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=7em, minimum height=5em,fill=ugreen!30](num2) at ([xshift=-3em]num1.east) {\quad \quad $B$};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=3em, minimum height=2.5em,fill=yellow!30](part1) at (num2.west) {$C$};
\draw [-,thick] (num1.north west) -- (num1.north east) -- (num1.south east) -- (num1.south west) -- (num1.north west);
\draw [-,very thick,dotted] (num2.north west) -- (num2.north east) -- (num2.south east) -- (num2.south west) -- (num2.north west);
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-self-information-function.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
width=12cm,
height=4cm,
xlabel={{$\textrm{P}(x)$}},
ylabel={{$\textrm{I}(x)$}},
ylabel style={yshift=-1.5em,font=\footnotesize},
xlabel style={yshift=0.3em,font=\footnotesize},
xtick={0,0.2,...,1.0},
ytick={0,8},
y tick style={opacity=0},
x tick style={opacity=0},
domain=0.01:1,
enlarge x limits=true,
enlarge y limits={upper},
legend style={draw=none},
xmin=0,
xmax=1,
ymin=0,
ymax=8,
xticklabel style={font=\small}, %坐标轴字体大小
yticklabel style={font=\small}
]
\addplot[draw=ublue,samples=100,thick] {-log2(x)};
\legend{\footnotesize{$\textrm{I}(x) = -\log \textrm{P}(x)$}}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
\ No newline at end of file
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-the-dice-game-model.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6]
\begin{scope}
{\footnotesize
\foreach \i in {1,...,5}{
\node [draw,thick,minimum size=10pt] at (\i,0) {1};
}
}
\node [anchor=west] at (33em,0) {$\textrm{P}(\text{“1”}) = 5/30$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-2.5em]
{\footnotesize
\foreach \i in {1,...,4}{
\node [draw,thick,minimum size=10pt] at (\i,0) {{\color{red} 2}};
}
}
\node [anchor=west] at (33em,0) {$\textrm{P}(\text{“2”}) = 4/30$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-5.0em]
{\footnotesize
\foreach \i in {1,...,6}{
\node [draw,thick,minimum size=10pt] at (\i,0) {{\color{ublue} 3}};
}
}
\node [anchor=west] at (33em,0) {$\textrm{P}(\text{“3”}) = 6/30$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-7.5em]
{\footnotesize
\foreach \i in {1,...,12}{
\node [draw,thick,minimum size=10pt] at (\i,0) {{\color{ugreen} 4}};
}
}
\node [anchor=west] at (33em,0) {$\textrm{P}(\text{“4”}) = 12/30$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-10.0em]
{\footnotesize
\foreach \i in {1,...,2}{
\node [draw,thick,minimum size=10pt] at (\i,0) {{\color{purple} 5}};
}
}
\node [anchor=west] at (33em,0) {$\textrm{P}(\text{“5”}) = 2/30$};
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\begin{scope}[yshift=-12.5em]
{\footnotesize
\foreach \i in {1,...,1}{
\node [draw,thick,minimum size=10pt] at (\i,0) {{\color{orange} 6}};
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\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-the-dice-game.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{
\begin{scope}
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}
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Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-the-dice-game2.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\vspace{0.3em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
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%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-two-different-derivation-of-regulation.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
\vspace{1.5em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[sibling distance=3pt, level distance=25pt]
{\small
\Tree[.IP
[.NP
[.NN \node(sw1){猫}; ]
]
[.VP
[.VV \node(sw2){喜欢}; ]
[.VP
[.VV \node(sw1){吃}; ]
[.NN \node(sw1){鱼}; ]
]
]
]
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
{\small
\begin{eqnarray}
& & \textrm{\textbf{推导1}} \nonumber \\
& & \textrm{IP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_8}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_5}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NN VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_1}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_7}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 VV VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_2}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_6}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 VV NN} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_3}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 吃 NN} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_4}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 吃 鱼} \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
{\small
\begin{eqnarray}
& & \textrm{\textbf{推导2}} \nonumber \\
& & \textrm{IP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_8}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_7}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP VV VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_2}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP 喜欢 VP} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_6}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP 喜欢 VV NN} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_4}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NP 喜欢 VV 鱼} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_5}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NN 喜欢 VV 鱼} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_3}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{NN 喜欢 吃 鱼} \nonumber \\
& \overset{r_1}{\Rightarrow} & \textrm{猫 喜欢 吃 鱼} \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
}
\end{minipage}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-usage-of-regulation.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (arule) at (0,0) {\large{$u \overset{r}{\Rightarrow} v$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (u) at ([xshift=-4em,yshift=-4em]arule.west) {VV};
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\node [anchor=east] (unumber) at (u.west) {$u:$};
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\node [anchor=east] (rnumber) at (r.west) {$r:$};
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\node [anchor=west] (arrow) at ([xshift=3em]u.east) {$\Rightarrow$};
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\draw [->,dotted,thick,ublue] (r.south) ..controls +(south:0.5) and +(north:0.5).. ([yshift=0]u.north);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-word-frequency-distribution.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
width=11cm,
height=5.5cm,
xlabel={某语料库中的词汇},
ylabel={词汇出现总次数},
xlabel style={xshift=6.2cm,yshift=0.8cm,font=\footnotesize},
ylabel style={rotate=-90,yshift=2.8cm,xshift=1.2cm,font=\footnotesize},
xticklabel style={opacity=0},
ytick={0,10000000,20000000,30000000,40000000,50000000,60000000},
tick align=inside,
y tick style={opacity=0},
x tick style={opacity=0},
y axis line style={opacity=0},
ymajorgrids,
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ybar,
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axis x line*=bottom,
xmin=0,
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ymax=60000000
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\end{axis}
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%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter2/Figures/figure-word-segmentation-based-on-statistics.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\vspace{-0.5em}
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\scriptsize
{
\node [anchor=north west] (entry1) at (0,0) {\textbf{1:} 这 / 是 / 数据};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry1.south west) {\textbf{2:} 现在 / 已经 / 实现};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry2.south west) {\textbf{3:} 确实 / 有 / 很 / 多};
\node [anchor=north west] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry3.south west) {...};
\node [anchor=south west] (corpuslabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue} \textbf{学习用数据}}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (corpuslabel)] (corpus) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
{
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (P) at ([xshift=5.2em,yshift=-0.8em]corpus.east){\large{P($\cdot$)}};
\node [anchor=south] (modellabel) at (P.north) {{\color{ublue} {\scriptsize \textbf{统计模型}}}};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit = (P) (modellabel)] (model) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
{
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]corpus.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]corpus.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{统计学习}}};
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{
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]model.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]model.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{搜索\&计算}}};
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{\scriptsize
{
\node [anchor=north west] (sentlabel) at ([xshift=6.8em,yshift=2em]model.north east) {\color{red}{新的句子}};
\node [anchor=north west] (sent) at (sentlabel.south west) {\textbf{确实现在数据很多}};
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{
\node [anchor=north west] (seg1) at ([xshift=1.0em]sent.south west) {确/实现/在/数/据很/多};
\node [anchor=north west] (seg2) at (seg1.south west) {确实/现在/数据/很/多};
\node [anchor=north west] (seg3) at (seg2.south west) {确实/现在/数/据/很/多};
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{
\node [anchor=north west] (seg4) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=0.4em]seg3.south west) {...};
\node [anchor=east,ugreen] (p1seg1) at ([xshift=0.5em]seg1.west) {P(};
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (p2seg1) at ([xshift=-0.5em]seg1.east) {)=0.1};
\node [anchor=east,ugreen] (p1seg2) at ([xshift=0.5em]seg2.west) {P(};
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (p2seg2) at ([xshift=-0.5em]seg2.east) {)=0.6};
\node [anchor=east,ugreen] (p1seg3) at ([xshift=0.5em]seg3.west) {P(};
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (p2seg3) at ([xshift=-0.5em]seg3.east) {)=0.2};
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{
\node [anchor=east,draw,dashed,red,thick,minimum width=13em,minimum height=1.4em] (final) at (p2seg2.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,red] (finallabel) at ([xshift=3.1em]sentlabel.east) {输出概率最大的结果};
%\node [anchor=north east,red] (finallabel2) at ([yshift=0.5em]finallabel.south east) {的结果};
\draw [->,thick,red] ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-0.5em]final.north east) ..controls +(east:0.3) and +(south:0.0).. ([xshift=1.0em]finallabel.south);
}
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-a-more-detailed-explanation-of-formula-3.40.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2em] (eq1) at (0,0) {$f(s_u|t_v)$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq2) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq1.east) {$=$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2em] (eq3) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq2.east) {$\lambda_{t_v}^{-1}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=3.0em] (eq4) at ([xshift=-3pt]eq3.east) {\footnotesize{$\frac{\varepsilon}{(l+1)^{m}} \prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l} f(s_j|t_i)$}};
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{
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=3.0em] (eq4) at ([xshift=-3pt]eq3.east) {\footnotesize{$\frac{\epsilon}{(l+1)^{m}} \prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l} f(s_j|t_i)$}};
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{
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{
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}
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}
{
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt] (label2) at (eq5.north west) {{\scriptsize{配对的总次数}}};
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{
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt] (label3) at (eq6.north west) {{\scriptsize{有的$t_i$的相对值}}};
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt] (label4) at ([yshift=-3pt]label3.north west) {{\scriptsize{$f(s_u|t_v)$对于所}}};
}
{
\node [anchor=east,rotate=90] (neweq1) at ([yshift=-0em]eq4.south) {=};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=1pt] (neweq1full) at (neweq1.west) {\large{$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s}|\mathbf{t})$}};
}
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\node [anchor=north west] (expcount2) at ([yshift=0.5em]expcount1.south west) {\footnotesize{{出现次数的期望的估计}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (expcount3) at ([yshift=0.5em]expcount2.south west) {\footnotesize{{称之为期望频次}}（Expected Count）};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-alignment-of-all-words-in-zh-en-sentence.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s1) at (0,0) {谢谢};
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\node [anchor=south east,inner sep=0pt] (p) at (t0.north west) {\small{{\color{ugreen} P(}}};
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\node [anchor=south east,inner sep=0pt] (p) at (t0.north west) {\small{{\color{ugreen} P(}}};
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}
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\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-calculation-formula&iterative-process-of-function.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq1) at (0,0) {$f(s_u|t_v)$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at (eq1.east) {$=$\ };
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{
\node [anchor=south] (label1) at ([yshift=-6em,xshift=3em]eq1.north west) {利用这个公式计算};
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{
\node [anchor=west] (label2) at ([xshift=5em]label1.east) {用当前的$f(s_u|t_v)$};
\node [anchor=north west] (label2part2) at ([yshift=0.3em]label2.south west) {计算期望频次$c_{\mathbb{E}}(\cdot)$};
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\draw [<-,thick] ([yshift=-1em]flabel.east) -- ([yshift=-1em]clabel.west) node [pos=0.5,above,yshift=0.3em] {\footnotesize{{反复执行}}};
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\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-calculation-of-the-expected-frequency-1.tex 0 → 100644
\begin{tabular}{c|c}
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_i$} & c($x_i$) \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_1$} & 2 \\
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_2$} & 1 \\
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_3$} & 5 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$c_{\mathbb{E}}(X)=8$}
\end{tabular}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-calculation-of-the-expected-frequency-2.tex 0 → 100644
\qquad
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_i$} & c($x_i$) & P($x_i$) & $c(x_i)\cdot$P($x_i$) \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_1$} & 2 & 0.1 & 0.2 \\
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_2$} & 1 & 0.3 & 0.3 \\
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{$x_3$} & 5 & 0.2 & 1.0 \\ \hline
\multicolumn{4}{c}{$c_{\mathbb{E}}(X)=0.2+0.3+1.0=1.5$}
\end{tabular}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-correspondence-between-ibm-model&formula-1.13.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west] (e1) at (0,0) {$g(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{t})$};
\node [anchor=west] (e2) at (e1.east) {$=$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20] (e3) at (e2.east) {$\prod\nolimits_{(j,i) \in \hat{A}} \textrm{P}(s_j,t_i)$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt] (e4) at (e3.east) {$\times$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=3pt,fill=blue!20] (e5) at (e4.east) {$\textrm{P}_{\textrm{lm}}(\mathbf{t})$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt] (n1) at ([xshift=7.0em,yshift=-0.5em]e1.south west) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s}|\mathbf{t})$};
\node [anchor=north] (n1part2) at ([yshift=0.3em]n1.south) {\scriptsize{{翻译模型}}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt] (n2) at ([xshift=4.0em]n1.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{t})$};
\node [anchor=north] (n2part2) at ([yshift=0.3em]n2.south) {\scriptsize{{语言模型}}};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-different-alignment-comparison.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[xshift=0.5in]
{\small
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s1) at (0,0) {谢谢};
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\begin{scope}[xshift=2.3in]
{\small
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\begin{scope}[xshift=4.1in]
{\small
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s1) at (0,0) {谢谢};
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\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-different-translation-candidate-space.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [draw,red,fill=red!10,thick,anchor=center,circle,inner sep=3.5pt] (s1) at (0,0) {\black{$\mathbf{s}$}};
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\draw [->,thick,] (s1.north east) .. controls +(north east:1em) and +(north west:1em).. (t.north west) node[pos=0.5,below] {\tiny{正确翻译}};
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\node [draw,dashed,ublue,fill=blue!10,thick,anchor=center,circle,minimum size=18pt] (t5) at ([xshift=3em]t3.east) {};
\node [draw,dashed,ublue,fill=blue!10,thick,anchor=center,circle,minimum size=18pt] (t6) at ([xshift=3em]t2.east) {};
\node [draw,dashed,ublue,fill=blue!10,thick,anchor=center,circle,minimum size=18pt] (t7) at ([xshift=3em]t4.east) {};
\draw [->,thick,] (s.north east) .. controls +(north east:1em) and +(north west:1em).. (t1.north west) node[pos=0.5,below] {\tiny{P ($\mathbf{t}_1|\mathbf{s}$)=0.1}};
\draw [->,thick,] (s.60) .. controls +(50:4em) and +(west:1em).. (t2.west) node[pos=0.5,below] {\tiny{P($\mathbf{t}_2|\mathbf{s}$)=0.2}};
\draw [->,thick,] (s.north) .. controls +(70:4em) and +(west:1em).. (t3.west) node[pos=0.5,above,xshift=-1em] {\tiny{P($\mathbf{t}_3|\mathbf{s}$)=0.3}};
\draw [->,thick,] (s.south east) .. controls +(300:3em) and +(south west:1em).. (t4.south west) node[pos=0.5,below] {\tiny{P($\mathbf{t}_4|\mathbf{s}$)=0.1}};
\node [anchor=center] (foot1) at ([xshift=3.8em,yshift=-3em]s1.south) {\footnotesize{人的翻译候选空间}};
\node [anchor=center] (foot2) at ([xshift=7em,yshift=-3em]s.south) {\footnotesize{机器的翻译候选空间}};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-different-translation-result-in-different-score-ibm1.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (s1) at (0,0) {$\mathbf{s}$ = 在\ \ 桌子\ \ 上};
\node [anchor=west] (t1) at ([yshift=-2em]s1.west) {$\mathbf{t}$ = on\ \ the\ \ table};
\draw [->,double,thick,ublue] ([yshift=0.2em]s1.south) -- ([yshift=-0.8em]s1.south);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=1.5in]
\node [anchor=west] (s2) at (0,0) {$\mathbf{s}$ = 在\ \ 桌子\ \ 上};
\node [anchor=west] (t2) at ([yshift=-2em]s2.west) {$\mathbf{t}'$ = table \ on\ \ the};
\draw [->,double,thick,ublue] ([yshift=0.2em]s2.south) -- ([yshift=-0.8em]s2.south);
\end{scope}
\node [anchor=north] (score11) at ([yshift=-2.0em]s1.south) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s}|\mathbf{t})$};
\node [anchor=north] (score12) at ([yshift=-2.0em]s2.south) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s}|\mathbf{t}')$};
\node [anchor=west] (comp1) at ([xshift=2.3em]score11.east) {\large{$\mathbf{=}$}};
\node [anchor=east] (label1) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0.1em]score11.west) {{IBM模型1:}};
{
\node [anchor=north] (score21) at ([yshift=0.2em]score11.south) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s}|\mathbf{t})$};
\node [anchor=north] (score22) at ([yshift=0.2em]score12.south) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s}|\mathbf{t}')$};
\node [anchor=west] (comp2) at ([xshift=2.3em]score21.east) {\large{$\mathbf{>}$}};
\node [anchor=east] (label2) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=0.1em]score21.west) {{理想:}};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-em-algorithm-flow-chart.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=north west] (line1) at (0,0) {\small\sffamily\bfseries{IBM模型1的训练（EM算法）}};
\node [anchor=north west] (line2) at ([yshift=-0.3em]line1.south west) {输入: 平行语料${(\mathbf{s}^{[1]},\mathbf{t}^{[1]}),...,(\mathbf{s}^{[N]},\mathbf{t}^{[N]})}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (line3) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line2.south west) {输出: 参数$f(\cdot|\cdot)$的最优值};
\node [anchor=north west] (line4) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line3.south west) {1: \textbf{Function} \textsc{EM}($\{(\mathbf{s}^{[1]},\mathbf{t}^{[1]}),...,(\mathbf{s}^{[N]},\mathbf{t}^{[N]})\}$) };
\node [anchor=north west] (line5) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line4.south west) {2: \ \ Initialize $f(\cdot|\cdot)$ \hspace{5em} $\rhd$ 比如给$f(\cdot|\cdot)$一个均匀分布};
\node [anchor=north west] (line6) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line5.south west) {3: \ \ Loop until $f(\cdot|\cdot)$ converges};
\node [anchor=north west] (line7) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line6.south west) {4: \ \ \ \ \textbf{foreach} $k = 1$ to $N$ \textbf{do}};
\node [anchor=north west] (line8) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line7.south west) {5: \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \footnotesize{$c_{\mathbb{E}}(\mathbf{s}_u|\mathbf{t}_v;\mathbf{s}^{[k]},\mathbf{t}^{[k]}) = \sum\limits_{j=1}^{|\mathbf{s}^{[k]}|} \delta(s_j,s_u) \sum\limits_{i=0}^{|\mathbf{t}^{[k]}|} \delta(t_i,t_v) \cdot \frac{f(s_u|t_v)}{\sum_{i=0}^{l}f(s_u|t_i)}$}\normalsize{}};
\node [anchor=north west] (line9) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line8.south west) {6: \ \ \ \ \textbf{foreach} $t_v$ appears at least one of $\{\mathbf{t}^{[1]},...,\mathbf{t}^{[N]}\}$ \textbf{do}};
\node [anchor=north west] (line10) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line9.south west) {7: \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $\lambda_{t_v}^{'} = \sum_{s_u} \sum_{k=1}^{N} c_{\mathbb{E}}(s_u|t_v;\mathbf{s}^{[k]},\mathbf{t}^{[k]})$};
\node [anchor=north west] (line11) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line10.south west) {8: \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \textbf{foreach} $s_u$ appears at least one of $\{\mathbf{s}^{[1]},...,\mathbf{s}^{[N]}\}$ \textbf{do}};
\node [anchor=north west] (line12) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line11.south west) {9: \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $f(s_u|t_v) = \sum_{k=1}^{N} c_{\mathbb{E}}(s_u|t_v;\mathbf{s}^{[k]},\mathbf{t}^{[k]}) \cdot (\lambda_{t_v}^{'})^{-1}$};
\node [anchor=north west] (line13) at ([yshift=-0.1em]line12.south west) {10: \ \textbf{return} $f(\cdot|\cdot)$};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow] [fit =(line1)(line2)(line3)(line4)(line5)(line6)(line7)(line11)(line8)(line9)(line13)] (remark1label) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-example-hmm.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% 简易机器翻译系统 - step 3 decoding - example
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.4]
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](num1) at (0,0) {C};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](num1-1) at ([yshift=-5.0em]num1.south) {正};
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([yshift=-0.2em]num1.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]num1-1.north);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](num2) at ([xshift=5.2em]num1.east) {B};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](num2-1) at ([yshift=-5.0em]num2.south) {正};
\draw [->,very thick]([xshift=0.2em]num1.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]num2.west);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([yshift=-0.2em]num2.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]num2-1.north);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](num3) at ([xshift=5.2em]num2.east) {A};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](num3-1) at ([yshift=-5.0em]num3.south) {反};
\draw [->,very thick]([xshift=0.2em]num2.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]num3.west);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([yshift=-0.2em]num3.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]num3-1.north);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](num4) at ([xshift=5.2em]num3.east) {B};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](num4-1) at ([yshift=-5.0em]num4.south) {反};
\draw [->,very thick]([xshift=0.2em]num3.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]num4.west);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([yshift=-0.2em]num4.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]num4-1.north);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](num5) at ([xshift=5.2em]num4.east) {C};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](num5-1) at ([yshift=-5.0em]num5.south) {正};
\draw [->,very thick]([xshift=0.2em]num4.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]num5.west);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([yshift=-0.2em]num5.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]num5-1.north);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](num6) at ([xshift=5.2em]num5.east) {A};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](num6-1) at ([yshift=-5.0em]num6.south) {反};
\draw [->,very thick]([xshift=0.2em]num5.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]num6.west);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([yshift=-0.2em]num6.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]num6-1.north);
\node [anchor=north](word1) at ([xshift=2.5em,yshift=-3.0em]num1-1.south) {图示说明：};
\node [anchor=north,draw,thick,minimum width=2.8em, minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow](word2) at ([xshift=-2.5em,yshift=-3.0em]word1.south) {C};
\node [anchor=west](word2-2) at ([xshift=1.5em]word2.east) {一个隐含状态};
\node [anchor=north,circle,draw,thick,minimum width=2.0em,fill=red!30,drop shadow](word3) at ([xshift=-2.5em,yshift=-12.2em]word1.south) {正};
\node [anchor=west](word3-2) at ([xshift=2.1em]word3.east) {一个可见状态};
\draw [->,very thick]([xshift=6.4em]word2-2.east) -- ([xshift=11.6em]word2-2.east);
\node [anchor=west](word4) at ([xshift=13.1em]word2-2.east) {从一个隐含状态到下一个};
\node [anchor=west](word4-1) at ([xshift=13.1em,yshift=-4.0em]word2-2.east) {隐含状态的转换};
\draw [->,very thick,ublue]([xshift=30.7em,yshift=-0.2em]word3.north) -- ([xshift=30.7em,yshift=0.2em]word3.south);
\node [anchor=west](word5) at ([xshift=13.1em,yshift=-9.5em]word2-2.east) {从一个隐含状态到可见状};
\node [anchor=west](word5-1) at ([xshift=13.1em,yshift=-13.5em]word2-2.east) {态的输出};
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-example-of-formula3.29.tex 0 → 100644
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=west] (mid) at (0,0) {$\alpha(1,0)\alpha(2,0) + \alpha(1,0)\alpha(2,1) + \alpha(1,0)\alpha(2,2) +$};
\node [anchor=west] (mid2) at ([yshift=-2em]mid.west) {$\alpha(1,1)\alpha(2,0) + \alpha(1,1)\alpha(2,1) + \alpha(1,1)\alpha(2,2)+$};
\node [anchor=west] (mid3) at ([yshift=-2em]mid2.west) {$\alpha(1,2)\alpha(2,0) + \alpha(1,2)\alpha(2,1) + \alpha(1,2)\alpha(2,2)$};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,red,inner sep=0.1em,fill=white] [fit = (mid) (mid2) (mid3)] (exampleeq) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
{\footnotesize
{
\node [anchor=north] (eq1) at ([xshift=2em,yshift=-2em]exampleeq.south west) {$\sum\limits_{y_1=0}^{2} \sum\limits_{y_2=0}^{2} \alpha(1,y_1)\alpha(2,y_2)$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq1part2) at ([xshift=-1em,yshift=-3em]eq1.west) {$=$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq1part3) at ([xshift=-0.5em]eq1part2.east) {$\sum\limits_{y_1=0}^{2} \sum\limits_{y_2=0}^{2} \prod\limits_{x=1}^{2} $};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq1part4) at ([xshift=-0.3em]eq1part3.east) {};
}
{
\node [anchor=north] (eq2) at ([xshift=-2em,yshift=-2em]exampleeq.south east) {$(\alpha(1,0)+\alpha(1,1)+\alpha(1,2))\cdot$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2part2) at ([yshift=-1.5em]eq2.west) {$(\alpha(2,0)+\alpha(2,1)+\alpha(2,2))$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2part3) at ([xshift=2.1in]eq1part2.east){$=$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2part4) at ([xshift=-0.5em]eq2part3.east){$\prod\limits_{x=1}^{2} \sum\limits_{y=0}^{2}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq2part5) at ([xshift=-0.3em]eq2part4.east){};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,red,inner sep=0.1em,fill=white] [fit = (eq1) (eq1part2) (eq1part3)] (eq1full) {};
}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,red,inner sep=0.1em,fill=white] [fit = (eq2) (eq2part2) (eq2part3) (eq2part4)] (eq2full) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=-3em]exampleeq.south) .. controls +(south:1.5em) and +(north:1.5em) .. (eq1full.north);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=3em]exampleeq.south) .. controls +(south:1.5em) and +(north:1.5em) .. (eq2full.north);
}
{
\node [anchor=west] at ([xshift=0.7em]eq1full.east) {\LARGE{\textbf{=}}};
}
{
{\large
\node [anchor=west] (feq) at ([xshift=3em,yshift=-3em]eq1full.south west) {$\sum\limits_{a_1=0}^{l} ... \sum\limits_{a_m=0}^{l} \prod\limits_{j=1}^{m}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (feqpart2) at ([xshift=-0.3em]feq.east) {$f(s_j|t_{a_j})$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt] (feqpart3) at (feqpart2.east) {=};
\node [anchor=west] (feqpart4) at (feqpart3.east) {$\prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (feqpart5) at ([xshift=-0.3em]feqpart4.east) {$f(s_j|t_i)$};
}
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=1.4em]eq1part4.south) .. controls +(south:2.5em) and +(north:2.5em) .. (feqpart2.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([xshift=1.2em]eq2part5.south) .. controls +(south:1.5em) and +(north:1.5em) .. (feqpart5.north);
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (eq1part4) at ([xshift=-0.3em]eq1part3.east) {\footnotesize{$\alpha(x,y_x)$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20] (eq2part5) at ([xshift=-0.3em]eq2part4.east){\footnotesize{$\alpha(x,y)$}};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-example-of-t-s-generate.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (st) at (0,0) {\color{white}$\mathbf{s}$};
\node [anchor=north] (taut) at ([yshift=-3em]st.south) {\color{white}\sffamily\bfseries{$\tau$}};
\node [anchor=north] (phit) at ([yshift=-3em]taut.south) {\color{white}\sffamily\bfseries{$\phi$}};
\node [anchor=north] (tt) at ([yshift=-3em]phit.south) {\color{white}$\mathbf{t}$};
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em] (sf1) at ([xshift=1em]st.east) {};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s1) at ([xshift=2.48em]sf1.east) {科学家};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s2) at ([xshift=2.19em]s1.east) {们};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s3) at ([xshift=2.185em]s2.east) {并不};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s4) at ([xshift=2.183em]s3.east) {知道};
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west] (tau11) at ([xshift=1.5em]taut.east) {$\tau_0$\tiny{1.NULL}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau1) [fit = (tau11)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau21) at ([xshift=1.80em]tau1.east) {$\tau_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (tau22) at ([yshift=-0.2em,xshift=-0.5em]tau21.north east) {\tiny{1.科学家}};
\node [anchor=west] (tau23) at ([yshift=0.2em,xshift=-0.5em]tau21.south east) {\tiny{2.们}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=blue!30,drop shadow] (tau2)[fit = (tau21) (tau22) (tau23)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau31) at ([xshift=2.05em]tau2.east) {$\tau_2$\tiny{1.NULL}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau3) [fit = (tau31)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau41) at ([xshift=2.2em]tau3.east) {$\tau_3$\tiny{1.并不}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau4) [fit = (tau41)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau51) at ([xshift=2.2em]tau4.east) {$\tau_4$\tiny{1.知道}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau5) [fit = (tau51)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
{
\node [anchor=north] (d1) at ([yshift=-6.02em]sf1.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d2) at ([yshift=-6em]s1.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d31) at ([yshift=-6em]s2.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d32) at ([xshift=0.2em]d31.south) {\footnotesize{${<{\tau,\pi}>}_1$}};
\node [anchor=north] (d4) at ([yshift=-6em]s3.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d5) at ([yshift=-6em]s4.south) {$...$};
}
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=1em]tau1.north west) -- ([yshift=1em]tau5.north east);
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=-1em]tau1.south west) -- ([yshift=-1em]tau5.south east);
%第一层连线
\draw [->,thick] (tau2.north) -- (s1.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau4.north) -- (s3.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau5.north) -- (s4.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau23.east) -- (s2.south);
%第二层连线
\draw [->,thick] (d1.north) -- ([yshift=-4.48em]sf1.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d2.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s1.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d31.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s2.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d4.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s3.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d5.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s4.south);
\end{scope}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em] (sf12) at ([yshift=-15.0em,xshift=1em]st.east) {};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s12) at ([xshift=2.48em]sf12.east) {科学家};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s22) at ([xshift=2.19em]s12.east) {们};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s32) at ([xshift=2.185em]s22.east) {并不};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s42) at ([xshift=2.183em]s32.east) {知道};
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west] (tau112) at ([yshift=-15.0em,xshift=1.5em]taut.east) {$\tau_0$\tiny{1.NULL}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau12) [fit = (tau112)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau212) at ([xshift=1.80em]tau12.east) {$\tau_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (tau222) at ([yshift=-0.2em,xshift=-0.5em]tau212.north east) {\tiny{1.们}};
\node [anchor=west] (tau232) at ([yshift=0.2em,xshift=-0.5em]tau212.south east) {\tiny{2.科学家}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=yellow!30,drop shadow] (tau22)[fit = (tau212) (tau222) (tau232)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau312) at ([xshift=2.05em]tau22.east) {$\tau_2$\tiny{1.NULL}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau32) [fit = (tau312)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau412) at ([xshift=2.2em]tau32.east) {$\tau_3$\tiny{1.并不}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau42) [fit = (tau412)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau512) at ([xshift=2.2em]tau42.east) {$\tau_4$\tiny{1.知道}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau52) [fit = (tau512)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
{
\node [anchor=north] (d12) at ([yshift=-6.02em]sf12.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d22) at ([yshift=-6em]s12.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d312) at ([yshift=-6em]s22.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d322) at ([xshift=0.2em]d312.south) {\footnotesize{${<{\tau,\pi}>}_2$}};
\node [anchor=north] (d42) at ([yshift=-6em]s32.south) {$...$};
\node [anchor=north] (d52) at ([yshift=-6em]s42.south) {$...$};
}
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=1em]tau12.north west) -- ([yshift=1em]tau52.north east);
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=-1em]tau12.south west) -- ([yshift=-1em]tau52.south east);
%第一层连线
\draw [->,thick] (tau22.north) -- (s12.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau42.north) -- (s32.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau52.north) -- (s42.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau232.east) -- (s22.south);
%第二层连线
\draw [->,thick] (d12.north) -- ([yshift=-4.48em]sf12.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d22.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s12.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d312.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s22.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d42.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s32.south);
\draw [->,thick] (d52.north) -- ([yshift=-4.45em]s42.south);
%\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-example-translation-alignment.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tabular}{| l | l |}
\hline
& {\footnotesize{$\prod\limits_{(j,i) \in \hat{A}} \textrm{P}(s_j,t_i)$} } \\ \hline
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{\footnotesize
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (s1) at (0,0) {我$_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (s2) at ([xshift=2.2em]s1.east) {对$_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (s3) at ([xshift=3.2em]s2.east) {你$_3$};
\node [anchor=west] (s4) at ([xshift=3.6em]s3.east) {感到$_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (s5) at ([xshift=1.9em]s4.east) {满意$_5$};
\node [anchor=east] (s) at (s1.west) {$\mathbf{s}=$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-3.6em]
\node [anchor=west] (t1) at (0.35em,0) {I$_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (t2) at ([xshift=2.3em,yshift=-0.1em]t1.east) {am$_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (t3) at ([xshift=2.3em,yshift=0.1em]t2.east) {satisfied$_3$};
\node [anchor=west] (t4) at ([xshift=2.3em]t3.east) {with$_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (t5) at ([xshift=2.3em,yshift=-0.2em]t4.east) {you$_5$};
\node [anchor=east] (t) at (t1.west) {$\mathbf{t}'=$};
\end{scope}
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s1.south) -- (t1.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s4.south) -- ([yshift=0.3em]t2.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s2.south) ..controls +(south:1em) and +(north:1em).. (t4.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s3.south) ..controls +(south:0.5em) and +(north:1.5em).. (t5.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s5.south) -- (t3.north);
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
& {\tikz{\node[minimum height=3.2em]{\small{0.0023}};}} \\
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{\footnotesize
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (s1) at (0,0) {我$_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (s2) at ([xshift=2.5em]s1.east) {对$_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (s3) at ([xshift=2.5em]s2.east) {你$_3$};
\node [anchor=west] (s4) at ([xshift=2.5em]s3.east) {感到$_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (s5) at ([xshift=2.5em]s4.east) {满意$_5$};
\node [anchor=east] (s) at (s1.west) {$\mathbf{s}=$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-3.6em]
\node [anchor=center] (t1) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s1.south) {I$_1$};
\node [anchor=center] (t2) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s2.south) {with$_2$};
\node [anchor=center] (t3) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s3.south) {you$_3$};
\node [anchor=center] (t4) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s4.south) {am$_4$};
\node [anchor=center] (t5) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s5.south) {satisfied$_5$};
\node [anchor=center] (t) at ([xshift=-1.3em]t1.west) {$\mathbf{t}''=$};
\end{scope}
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s1.south) -- (t1.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s2.south) -- (t2.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s3.south) -- (t3.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s4.south) -- (t4.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s5.south) -- (t5.north);
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
&{\tikz{\node[minimum height=3.2em]{\small{0.0023}};}}\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-expression.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% 简易机器翻译系统 - step 3 decoding - example
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.5em] (eq1) at (0,0) {${\textrm{P}(\tau,\pi|\mathbf{t}) = \prod_{i=1}^{l}\hspace{6.0em} \times \ \hspace{5.5em}\times}$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.5em] (eq2) at ([xshift=-16.06em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.south east) {${\prod_{i=0}^l{\prod_{k=1}^{\varphi_i}\hspace{9.6em}} \ \ \times}$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.5em] (eq3) at ([xshift=-16.05em,yshift=0.0em]eq2.south east) {${\prod_{i=1}^l{\prod_{k=1}^{\varphi_i}}\hspace{11.5em} \times}$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.5em] (eq4) at ([xshift=-17.44em,yshift=0.0em]eq3.south east) {{${\prod_{k=1}^{\varphi_0}}$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.0em,fill=red!30] (part1) at ([xshift=-13.4em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {{${\textrm{P}(\varphi_i|\varphi_{1}^{i-1},\mathbf{t})}$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.0em,fill=blue!30] (part2) at ([xshift=-6.4em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {{${\textrm{P}(\varphi_0|\varphi_{1}^{l},\mathbf{t})}$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.0em,fill=green!30] (part3) at ([xshift=-11em,yshift=0.0em]eq2.east) {{${\textrm{P}(\tau_{ik}|\tau_{i1}^{k-1},\tau_{1}^{i-1},\varphi_{0}^{l},\mathbf{t} )}$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.0em,fill=yellow!30] (part4) at ([xshift=-12.5em,yshift=0.0em]eq3.east) {{${\textrm{P}(\pi_{ik}|\pi_{i1}^{k-1},\pi_{1}^{i-1},\tau_{0}^{l},\varphi_{0}^{l},\mathbf{t} )}$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,minimum height=2.0em,fill=gray!30] (part5) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq4.east) {{${\textrm{P}(\pi_{0k}|\pi_{01}^{k-1},\pi_{1}^{l},\tau_{0}^{l},\varphi_{0}^{l},\mathbf{t} )}$}};
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-formula-3.25-part-1-example.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s1) at (0,0) {$s_1$:在};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s2) at ([xshift=2em]s1.east) {$s_2$:桌子};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s3) at ([xshift=2em]s2.east) {$s_3$:上};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt] (t1) at ([yshift=-2.4em]s1.center) {$t_1$:on};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt] (t2) at ([yshift=-2.4em]s2.center) {$t_2$:the};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt] (t3) at ([yshift=-2.4em]s3.center) {$t_3$:table};
\node [anchor=east,inner sep=2pt] (t0) at ([xshift=-2.2em]t1.west) {$t_0$};
}
{
\draw [-,dashed,thick] (s3.south) -- (t0);
\draw [-,dashed,thick] (s3.south) -- (t1);
\draw [-,dashed,thick] (s3.south) -- (t2);
\draw [-,dashed,thick] (s3.south) -- (t3);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-greedy-mt-decoding-pseudo-code.tex 0 → 100644
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line1) at (0,0) {\textrm{\textbf{Function} \textsc{WordDecoding}($s$)}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line2) at ([yshift=-1pt]line1.south west) {\textrm{1: $\pi = $\textsc{GetTransOptions}($s$)}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line3) at ([yshift=-1pt]line2.south west) {\textrm{2: $best = \phi$}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line4) at ([yshift=-1pt]line3.south west) {\textrm{3: \textbf{for} $i$ in $[1,m]$ \textbf{do}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line5) at ([yshift=-1pt]line4.south west) {\textrm{4: \hspace{1em} $h = \phi$}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line6) at ([yshift=-1pt]line5.south west) {\textrm{5: \hspace{1em} \textbf{foreach} $j$ in $[1,m]$ \textbf{do}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line7) at ([yshift=-1pt]line6.south west) {\textrm{6: \hspace{2em} \textbf{if} $used[j]=$ \textbf{true} \textbf{then}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line8) at ([yshift=-1pt]line7.south west) {\textrm{7: \hspace{3em} $h = h \cup \textrm{\textsc{Join}}(best,\pi[j])$}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line9) at ([yshift=-1pt]line8.south west) {\textrm{8: \hspace{1em} $best = \textrm{\textsc{PruneForTop1}}(h)$}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line10) at ([yshift=-1pt]line9.south west) {\textrm{9: \hspace{1em} $used[best.j] = \textrm{\textsc{\textbf{true}}}$}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (line11) at ([yshift=-1pt]line10.south west) {\textrm{10: \textbf{return} $best.translatoin$}};
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (head1) at ([yshift=1pt]line1.north west) {输出: 找的最佳译文};
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (head2) at ([yshift=1pt]head1.north west) {输入: 源语句子$\mathbf{s}=s_1...s_m$};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow,minimum height=1.6cm] [fit = (head2) (line8) (line11)] (algorithm) {};
%% highlights
%\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[anchor=west,fill=blue!20,minimum height=0.16in,minimum width=1.71in] (line2highlight) at (line2.west) {};
}
{
\node[anchor=west,fill=blue!20,minimum height=0.16in,minimum width=1.71in] (line3highlight) at (line3.west) {};
\node[anchor=west,fill=blue!20,minimum height=0.16in,minimum width=1.71in] (line5highlight) at (line5.west) {};
}
{
\node[anchor=west,fill=blue!20,minimum height=0.16in,minimum width=1.71in] (line8highlight) at (line8.west) {};
}
{
\node[anchor=west,fill=blue!20,minimum height=0.16in,minimum width=1.71in] (line9highlight) at (line9.west) {};
}
{
\node[anchor=west,fill=blue!20,minimum height=0.16in,minimum width=1.71in] (line10highlight) at (line10.west) {};
}
%\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{pgfonlayer}
{\footnotesize
%% remark 1
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west,align=left] (remark1) at ([xshift=0.4in]algorithm.north east) {获取每个单词\\的翻译候选};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2.1pt,red] (s1) at ([yshift=-1.0em,xshift=0.5em]remark1.north east){\tiny{1}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2.1pt,ugreen] (s2) at ([xshift=0.4em]s1.east) {\tiny{2}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2.1pt,orange] (s3) at ([xshift=0.4em]s2.east) {\tiny{3}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=3.0pt,ublue] (s4) at ([xshift=0.4em]s3.east) {.};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=1.5pt,purple] (s5) at ([xshift=0.4em]s4.east) {\tiny{$m$}};
\node [anchor=center,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2pt,red,fill=red] (t1) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s1.center) {{\color{white} \tiny{$n$}}};
\node [anchor=center,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2pt,ugreen,fill=ugreen] (t2) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s2.center) {{\color{white} \tiny{$n$}}};
\node [anchor=center,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2pt,orange,fill=orange] (t3) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s3.center) {{\color{white} \tiny{$n$}}};
\node [anchor=center,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2pt,ublue,fill=ublue] (t4) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s4.center) {{\color{white} \tiny{$n$}}};
\node [anchor=center,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2pt,purple,fill=purple] (t5) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s5.center) {{\color{white} \tiny{$n$}}};
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s1.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t1.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s2.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t2.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s3.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t3.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s4.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t4.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s5.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t5.north);
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw,inner sep=0.2em,fill=blue!10,minimum width=2.2in] [fit = (remark1) (t5)] (remark1label) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\end{scope}
%% end of remark 1
%% remark 2
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west,draw,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!10,minimum width=2.2in] (remark2) at ([yshift=-0.5em]remark1label.south west) {$best$用于保存当前最好的翻译结果 };
}
\end{scope}
%% end of remark 2
%% remark 3
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west,draw,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!10,minimum width=2.2in] (remark3) at ([yshift=-0.5em]remark2.south west) {$h$用于保存每步生成的所有译文候选 };
}
\end{scope}
%% end of remark 3
%% remark 4
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,align=left] (remark4) at ([xshift=0.31em,yshift=-0.8em]remark3.south west) {\textsc{Join}($a,b$) 返回\\$a$ 和$b$ 的所有组合 };
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,align=center,draw,minimum height=2.3em] (a1) at ([yshift=-0.5em]remark4.north east) {$a_1$\\$a_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (join) at (a1.east) {$\times$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,align=center,draw,minimum height=2.3em] (b1) at ([xshift=1.5em]a1.north east) {$b_1$\\$b_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (join) at (b1.east) {$=$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,align=center,draw] (result) at ([xshift=1.5em]b1.north east) {$a_1b_1$ $a_1b_2$\\$a_2b_1$ $a_2b_2$};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!10,minimum width=2.2in] [fit = (remark4) (result)] (remark4label) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\end{scope}
%% end of remark 4
%% remark 5
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west,align=left] (remark5) at ([xshift=0.72em,yshift=-1.6em]remark4.south west) {\textsc{PruneForTop1}\\保留得分最高的结果};
\node [anchor=west,draw,inner sep=1pt] (s1) at ([yshift=-0.5em,xshift=1.2em]remark5.north east){\tiny{0.234}};
\node [anchor=north west,draw,inner sep=1pt] (s2) at ([yshift=-0.2em]s1.south west){\tiny{0.197}};
\node [anchor=north west,draw,inner sep=1pt] (s3) at ([yshift=-0.2em]s2.south west){\tiny{0.083}};
\draw [-] ([yshift=-0.1em,xshift=-0.2em]s1.south west) -- ([yshift=-0.1em,xshift=3em]s1.south east);
\node [anchor=west] (top1) at ([xshift=0.1em]s1.east) {\tiny{\color{red}{$\gets$ top1}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw,inner sep=0.2em,fill=blue!10,minimum width=2.2in] [fit = (remark5) (top1)] (remark5label) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\end{scope}
\%% end of remark 5
%% remark 6
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west,align=left] (remark6) at ([xshift=-0.34em,yshift=-1.3em]remark5.south west) {记录已经翻译过\\的源语单词};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2.1pt,red] (s1) at ([yshift=-1.0em,xshift=0.5em]remark6.north east){\tiny{1}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2.1pt,ugreen] (s2) at ([xshift=0.4em]s1.east) {\tiny{2}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=2.1pt,orange] (s3) at ([xshift=0.4em]s2.east) {\tiny{3}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=3.0pt,ublue] (s4) at ([xshift=0.4em]s3.east) {.};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,inner sep=1.5pt,purple] (s5) at ([xshift=0.4em]s4.east) {\tiny{$m$}};
\draw [-,thick,red] (s1.north east) -- (s1.south west);
\draw [-,thick,orange] (s3.north east) -- (s3.south west);
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw,inner sep=0.2em,fill=blue!10,minimum width=2.2in] [fit = (remark6) (s5)] (remark6label) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\end{scope}
\%% end of remark 6
{
\draw [->,thick] (line2highlight.east) ..controls +(east:1em) and +(west:1em).. (remark1label.west);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] (line3highlight.east) ..controls +(east:1em) and +(west:1em).. ([yshift=0.3em]remark2.south west);
\draw [->,thick] (line5highlight.east) ..controls +(east:1em) and +(west:1em).. ([yshift=0.3em]remark3.south west);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] (line8highlight.east) ..controls +(east:1em) and +(west:1em).. ([yshift=0.5em]remark4label.west);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] (line9highlight.east) ..controls +(east:1em) and +(west:1em).. ([yshift=0.5em]remark5label.west);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] (line10highlight.east) ..controls +(east:1em) and +(west:1em).. ([yshift=0.5em]remark6label.south west);
}
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-human-translation.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (s1) at (0,0) {{我}};
\node [anchor=west] (s2) at ([xshift=2em]s1.east) {{对}};
\node [anchor=west] (s3) at ([xshift=2em]s2.east) {{你}};
\node [anchor=west] (s4) at ([xshift=2em]s3.east) {{表示}};
\node [anchor=west] (s5) at ([xshift=2em]s4.east) {{满意}};
\node [anchor=south west] (sentlabel) at ([yshift=-0.5em]s1.north west) {\scriptsize{\sffamily\bfseries{\color{red}{待翻译句子(已经分词):}}}};
{
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] (s1.south) -- ([yshift=-0.7em]s1.south);
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\draw [->,very thick,ublue] (s3.south) -- ([yshift=-0.7em]s3.south);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] (s4.south) -- ([yshift=-0.7em]s4.south);
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] (s5.south) -- ([yshift=-0.7em]s5.south);
{\small
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t11) at ([yshift=-1em]s1.south) {I};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t12) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t11.south) {me};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t13) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t12.south) {I'm};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl11) at (t11.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl12) at (t12.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl13) at (t13.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t21) at ([yshift=-1em]s2.south) {to};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t22) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t21.south) {with};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t23) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t22.south) {for};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl21) at (t21.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl22) at (t22.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl23) at (t23.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (t31) at ([yshift=-1em]s3.south) {you};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl31) at (t31.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{3}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=3em] (t41) at ([yshift=-1em]s4.south) {$\phi$};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=3em] (t42) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t41.south) {show};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl41) at (t41.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{4}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl42) at (t42.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{4}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4.5em] (t51) at ([yshift=-1em]s5.south) {satisfy};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4.5em] (t52) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t51.south) {satisfied};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4.5em] (t53) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t52.south) {satisfies};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl51) at (t51.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{5}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl52) at (t52.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{5}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (tl53) at (t53.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{5}}}};
}
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
{\small
{
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (ft11) at ([yshift=-1.2in]t11.west) {I'm};
\node [anchor=center,inner sep=2pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=5em] (ft12) at ([xshift=5.0em]ft11.center) {satisfied};
\node [anchor=center,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (ft13) at ([xshift=5.0em]ft12.center) {with};
\node [anchor=center,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=2.5em] (ft14) at ([xshift=4.0em]ft13.center) {you};
}
{
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (ftl11) at (ft11.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (ftl12) at (ft12.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{5}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (ftl13) at (ft13.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black] (ftl14) at (ft14.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{3}}}};
}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]t13.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]ft11.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=0.1em]t22.south east) ..controls +(280:3em) and +(north:3em).. ([yshift=0.1em]ft13.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em,xshift=0.2em]t31.south west) ..controls +(south:3em) and +(north:3em).. ([yshift=0.1em,xshift=0.2em]ft14.north west);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=0.1em]t52.south west) ..controls +(250:4em) and +(north:4em).. ([yshift=0.1em]ft12.north);
\node [anchor=east,inner sep=1pt] (nulltranslabel) at (t42.south west) {\scriptsize{{翻空}}};
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=0.1em]t41.south west) ..controls +(250:1em) and +(north:1em).. (nulltranslabel.north);
}
}
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (label1) at (ft11.south west) {\small{选择最佳单词翻译，调整词序，得到完美的结果}};
}
{
\draw[decorate,thick,decoration={brace,amplitude=5pt,mirror}] ([yshift=8em,xshift=-0.7em]t13.south west) -- ([xshift=-0.7em]t13.south west) node [pos=0.5,left,xshift=-0.5em,yshift=0.5em] (label2) {\footnotesize{{学习到的}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (label2part2) at ([yshift=0.3em]label2.south west) {\footnotesize{{单词翻译}}};
}
{
\draw[decorate,thick,decoration={brace,amplitude=5pt,mirror}] ([yshift=-0.2em,xshift=-0.7em]t13.south west) -- ([yshift=-5em,xshift=-0.7em]t13.south west) node [pos=0.5,left,xshift=-0.5em,yshift=0.5em] (label3) {\footnotesize{{运用知识}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (label3part2) at ([yshift=0.3em]label3.south west) {\footnotesize{{生成译文}}};
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-ibm-model-iteration-process-diagram.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=3em] (eq1) at (0,0) {$f(s_u|t_v)$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq2) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq1.east) {$=$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq3) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq2.east) {$\lambda_{t_v}^{-1}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq4) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq3.east) {$\frac{\varepsilon}{(l+1)^{m}}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=3em] (eq5) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq4.east) {\footnotesize{$\prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l} f(s_j|t_i)$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq6) at ([xshift=-2pt]eq5.east) {\footnotesize{$\sum\limits_{j=1}^{m} \delta(s_j,s_u) \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l} \delta(t_i,t_v)$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=3em] (eq7) at ([xshift=-2pt,yshift=-0pt]eq6.east) {$\frac{f(s_u|t_v)}{\sum_{i=0}^{l}f(s_u|t_i)}$};
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt] (label1) at ([yshift=1em]eq1.north west) {\footnotesize{{新的参数值}}};
\node [anchor=south east,inner sep=2pt] (label2) at ([yshift=1em,xshift=-5em]eq7.north east) {\footnotesize{{旧的参数值}}};
\draw [<-,thick] (label1.south) .. controls +(south:1em) and +(north:1em) .. ([xshift=-1em]eq1.north);
\draw [<-,thick] (label2.south) .. controls +(300:1em) and +(north:1em) .. ([xshift=1em]eq7.north);
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=-0.5em]label2.south) .. controls +(240:1em) and +(north:1em) .. ([xshift=1em]eq5.north);
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-lagrange-multiplier-method-(ibm-model-1).tex 0 → 100644
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20] (eq1) at (0,0) {$L(f,\lambda)$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq2) at (eq1.east) {$=$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq3) at (eq2.east) {$\frac{\epsilon}{(l+1)^{m}} \prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq4) at (eq3.east) {\black{$f(s_j|t_{i})$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq5) at (eq4.east) {$-$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (eq6) at ([yshift=-6pt]eq3.south west) {$\sum_{t_y}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,minimum height=1.85em] (eq7) at (eq6.east) {$\lambda_{t_y}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,minimum height=1.5em] (eq8) at ([xshift=3pt]eq7.east) {$(\sum_{s_x}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,minimum height=1.5em] (eq9) at (eq8.east) {\black{$f(s_x|t_y)$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,minimum height=1.5em] (eq10) at (eq9.east) {$-1)$};
{
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20] (eq1) at (0,0) {$L(f,\lambda)$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq2) at (eq1.east) {$=$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq3) at (eq2.east) {$\frac{\epsilon}{(l+1)^{m}} \prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} \sum\limits_{i=0}^{l}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt,draw,ublue,fill=blue!20] (eq4) at (eq3.east) {\black{$f(s_j|t_{i})$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (eq5) at (eq4.east) {$-$};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (eq6) at ([yshift=-6pt]eq3.south west) {$\sum_{t_y}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=1.85em] (eq7) at (eq6.east) {$\lambda_{t_y}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,minimum height=1.5em] (eq8) at ([xshift=3pt]eq7.east) {$(\sum_{s_x}$};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,draw,ublue,fill=blue!20,minimum height=1.5em] (eq9) at (eq8.east) {\black{$f(s_x|t_y)$}};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=1pt,minimum height=1.5em] (eq10) at (eq9.east) {$-1)$};
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,red,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20] [fit = (eq3) (eq4)] (oldobj) {};
{
\node[rectangle,red,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20] [fit = (eq8) (eq9) (eq10)] (constraint) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west,draw,fill=green!20] (label1) at ([xshift=-2em,yshift=3em]eq1.north west) {新目标函数};
\node [anchor=west,draw,fill=red!20] (label2) at ([xshift=2em]label1.east) {旧目标函数};
{
\node [anchor=west,draw,fill=blue!20] (label3) at ([xshift=2em]label2.east) {参数：词翻译概率};
\node [anchor=west,draw,fill=purple!20] (label4) at ([xshift=-4em,yshift=-2.5em]eq6.south west) {参数：拉格朗日乘数};
\node [anchor=west,draw,fill=orange!20] (label5) at ([xshift=3em]label4.east) {参数约束条件};
}
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=-1em]label1.south) .. controls +(south:2em) and +(north:2em) .. (eq1.north);
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=-1em]label2.south) .. controls +(south:1.0em) and +(north:1.0em) .. (oldobj.north);
{
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=0em]label3.south) .. controls +(south:6.5em) and +(north:1.5em) .. (eq9.north);
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=0em]label3.south) .. controls +(south:1.5em) and +(north:1.5em) .. (eq4.north);
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=-2em]label4.north) .. controls +(north:1.5em) and +(south:1.5em) .. (eq7.south);
\draw [<-,thick] ([xshift=0em]label5.north) .. controls +(north:1.5em) and +(south:1.5em) .. (constraint.south);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-noise-channel-model.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [draw,red,fill=red!10,thick,anchor=center,circle,inner sep=3.5pt] (s) at (0,0) {\black{$\mathbf{s}$}};
\node [draw,ublue,fill=blue!10,thick,anchor=center,circle,inner sep=3.3pt] (t) at ([xshift=1.5in]s.east) {\black{$\mathbf{t}$}};
\draw [<->,thick,] (s.east) -- (t.west) node [pos=0.5,draw,fill=white] {噪声信道};
\node [anchor=east] at (s.west) {\scriptsize{信宿}};
\node [anchor=west] at (t.east) {\scriptsize{信源}};
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-probability_translation_process.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{
{
\node [anchor=north west] (st) at (0,0) {$\mathbf{s}$};
\node [anchor=north] (taut) at ([yshift=-3em]st.south) {\sffamily\bfseries{$\tau$}};
\node [anchor=north] (phit) at ([yshift=-3em]taut.south) {\sffamily\bfseries{$\phi$}};
\node [anchor=north] (tt) at ([yshift=-3em]phit.south) {$\mathbf{t}$};
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em] (sf1) at ([xshift=1em]st.east) {};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s1) at ([xshift=2.48em]sf1.east) {科学家};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s2) at ([xshift=2.19em]s1.east) {们};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s3) at ([xshift=2.185em]s2.east) {并不};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s4) at ([xshift=2.183em]s3.east) {知道};
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west] (tau11) at ([xshift=1.5em]taut.east) {$\tau_0$\tiny{1.NULL}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau1) [fit = (tau11)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau21) at ([xshift=1.80em]tau1.east) {$\tau_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (tau22) at ([yshift=-0.2em,xshift=-0.5em]tau21.north east) {\tiny{1.科学家}};
\node [anchor=west] (tau23) at ([yshift=0.2em,xshift=-0.5em]tau21.south east) {\tiny{2.们}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau2)[fit = (tau21) (tau22) (tau23)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau31) at ([xshift=2.05em]tau2.east) {$\tau_2$\tiny{1.NULL}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau3) [fit = (tau31)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau41) at ([xshift=2.2em]tau3.east) {$\tau_3$\tiny{1.并不}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau4) [fit = (tau41)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (tau51) at ([xshift=2.2em]tau4.east) {$\tau_4$\tiny{1.知道}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (tau5) [fit = (tau51)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west] (phi11) at ([xshift=2.3em]phit.east) {$\phi_0$\ 0};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=blue!30,drop shadow] (phi1) [fit = (phi11)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (phi21) at ([xshift=2.947em]phi1.east) {$\phi_1$\ 2};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=blue!30,drop shadow] (phi2) [fit = (phi21)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (phi31) at ([xshift=2.876em]phi2.east) {$\phi_2$\ 0};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=blue!30,drop shadow] (phi3) [fit = (phi31)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (phi41) at ([xshift=2.8715em]phi3.east) {$\phi_3$\ 1};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=blue!30,drop shadow] (phi4) [fit = (phi41)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node [anchor=west] (phi51) at ([xshift=2.86925em]phi4.east) {$\phi_4$\ 1};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [rounded rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=3.0em,minimum width=6.8em,fill=blue!30,drop shadow] (phi5) [fit = (phi51)] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=-1.4em]st.south west) -- ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-1em]s4.south east);
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=-5.8em]st.south west) -- ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-5.4em]s4.south east);
\draw [->,thick,dashed] ([yshift=-10.3em]st.south west) -- ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-9.9em]s4.south east);
{\scriptsize
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=yellow!30,drop shadow] (t1) at ([xshift=0.182em,yshift=-15em]sf1.south) {$t_0$};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=yellow!30,drop shadow] (t2) at ([yshift=-15em]s1.south) {Scientists};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=yellow!30,drop shadow] (t3) at ([yshift=-15em]s2.south) {do};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=yellow!30,drop shadow] (t4) at ([yshift=-15em]s3.south) {not};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2.5em,minimum width=5.0em,fill=yellow!30,drop shadow] (t5) at ([yshift=-15em]s4.south) {konw};
}
%第一层连线
\draw [->,thick] (tau2.north) -- (s1.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau4.north) -- (s3.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau5.north) -- (s4.south);
\draw [->,thick] (tau23.east) -- (s2.south);
%第二层连线
\draw [->,thick] (phi1.north) -- (tau1.south);
\draw [->,thick] (phi2.north) -- (tau2.south);
\draw [->,thick] (phi3.north) -- (tau3.south);
\draw [->,thick] (phi4.north) -- (tau4.south);
\draw [->,thick] (phi5.north) -- (tau5.south);
%第三层连线
\draw [->,thick] (t1.north) -- (phi1.south);
\draw [->,thick] (t2.north) -- (phi2.south);
\draw [->,thick] (t3.north) -- (phi3.south);
\draw [->,thick] (t4.north) -- (phi4.south);
\draw [->,thick] (t5.north) -- (phi5.south);
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west] (sent11) at ([xshift=1em,yshift=-0.3em]s4.south east) {把这些元语};
\node [anchor=west] (sent12) at ([yshift=-1em]sent11.west) {言单词放在};
\node [anchor=west] (sent13) at ([yshift=-1em]sent12.west) {合适的位置};
\node [anchor=west] (sent21) at ([yshift=-4.6em]sent13.west) {确定生成元};
\node [anchor=west] (sent22) at ([yshift=-1em]sent21.west) {语言单词};
\node [anchor=west] (sent31) at ([yshift=-4.6em]sent22.west) {确定生成元};
\node [anchor=west] (sent32) at ([yshift=-1em]sent31.west) {语言单词的};
\node [anchor=west] (sent33) at ([yshift=-1em]sent32.west) {个数};
}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=west] (f1) at ([yshift=-2em]t1.south west) {$\phi_{0}=0,\phi_{1}=2,\phi_{3}=0,\phi_{4}=1$};
\node [anchor=west] (f2) at ([yshift=-2em]f1.west) {$\tau_{0}=\{ \},\tau_{1}=\{ \tau_{11}=' \textrm{科学家}',\tau_{12}=' \textrm{们}' \},\phi_{3}=\{ \tau_{31}=' \textrm{并不}' \},\phi_{4}=\{ \tau_{41}=' \textrm{知道}' \}$};
\node [anchor=west] (f3) at ([yshift=-2em]f2.west) {$\pi_{0}=\{ \},\pi_{1}=\{\pi_{11}=1,\pi_{12}=2\},\pi_{2}=\{ \},\pi_{3}=\{\pi_{31}=3\},\pi_{4}=\{\pi_{41}=4\}$};
}
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-processes-smt.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt] (entry1) at (0,0) {\tiny{\textbf{1:} 这 是 数据 $\leftrightarrow$ This is data \; \;}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt] (entry2) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry1.south west) {\tiny{\textbf{2:} 小心 ！$\leftrightarrow$ Look out !}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt] (entry3) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry2.south west) {\tiny{\textbf{3:} 你 是 谁 $\leftrightarrow$ Who are you}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (entry4) at ([yshift=0.1em]entry3.south west) {...};
\node [anchor=south west] (corpuslabel) at (entry1.north west) {{\color{ublue} \sffamily\bfseries{双语平行数据}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow,minimum height=1.6cm] [fit = (entry1) (entry2) (entry3) (entry4) (corpuslabel)] (corpus) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\node [anchor=west,ugreen] (P) at ([xshift=5em,yshift=-0.7em]corpus.east){P($\mathbf{t}|\mathbf{s}$)};
\node [anchor=south] (modellabel) at (P.north) {{\color{ublue} {\scriptsize \sffamily\bfseries{翻译模型}}}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow,minimum height=1.6cm] [fit = (P) (modellabel)] (model) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.2em]corpus.east) -- ([xshift=4.2em]corpus.east) node [pos=0.5, above] {\color{red}{\scriptsize{模型学习}}};
{
\draw [->,very thick,ublue] ([xshift=0.4em]model.east) -- ([xshift=4.4em]model.east) node [inner sep=0pt,pos=0.5, above,yshift=0.3em] (decodingarrow) {\color{red}{\scriptsize{搜索\&计算}}};
{\scriptsize
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt] (sentlabel) at ([xshift=6.5em,yshift=-0.9em]model.north east) {{\color{ublue} \sffamily\bfseries{机器翻译引擎}}};
\node [anchor=north west] (sent) at ([yshift=-0.5em]sentlabel.south west) {{对任意句子进行翻译}};
\node [anchor=north west] (sentpart2) at ([yshift=0.3em]sent.south west) {\textbf{\quad}};
}
}
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick,inner sep=0.2em,fill=white,drop shadow,minimum height=1.6cm] [fit = (sentlabel) (sent) (sentpart2)] (segsystem) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-scores-of-different-translation_model&language_model.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tabular}{| l | l |}
\hline
& {\footnotesize{$\prod\limits_{(j,i) \in \hat{A}} \textrm{P}(s_j,t_i)$} \color{red}{{\footnotesize{$\times\textrm{P}_{\textrm{lm}}(\mathbf{t})$}}}} \\ \hline
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{\footnotesize
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (s1) at (0,0) {我$_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (s2) at ([xshift=2.2em]s1.east) {对$_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (s3) at ([xshift=3.2em]s2.east) {你$_3$};
\node [anchor=west] (s4) at ([xshift=3.6em]s3.east) {感到$_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (s5) at ([xshift=1.9em]s4.east) {满意$_5$};
\node [anchor=east] (s) at (s1.west) {$\mathbf{s}=$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-3.6em]
\node [anchor=west] (t1) at (0.35em,0) {I$_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (t2) at ([xshift=2.3em,yshift=-0.1em]t1.east) {am$_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (t3) at ([xshift=2.3em,yshift=0.1em]t2.east) {satisfied$_3$};
\node [anchor=west] (t4) at ([xshift=2.3em]t3.east) {with$_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (t5) at ([xshift=2.3em,yshift=-0.2em]t4.east) {you$_5$};
\node [anchor=east] (t) at (t1.west) {$\mathbf{t}'=$};
\end{scope}
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s1.south) -- (t1.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s4.south) -- ([yshift=0.3em]t2.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s2.south) ..controls +(south:1em) and +(north:1em).. (t4.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s3.south) ..controls +(south:0.5em) and +(north:1.5em).. (t5.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s5.south) -- (t3.north);
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
& {\tikz{\node[minimum height=3.2em]{\small{0.0023}{\color{red}\small{$\times$0.0107}}};}} \\
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
{\footnotesize
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (s1) at (0,0) {我$_1$};
\node [anchor=west] (s2) at ([xshift=2.5em]s1.east) {对$_2$};
\node [anchor=west] (s3) at ([xshift=2.5em]s2.east) {你$_3$};
\node [anchor=west] (s4) at ([xshift=2.5em]s3.east) {感到$_4$};
\node [anchor=west] (s5) at ([xshift=2.5em]s4.east) {满意$_5$};
\node [anchor=east] (s) at (s1.west) {$\mathbf{s}=$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-3.6em]
\node [anchor=center] (t1) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s1.south) {I$_1$};
\node [anchor=center] (t2) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s2.south) {with$_2$};
\node [anchor=center] (t3) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s3.south) {you$_3$};
\node [anchor=center] (t4) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s4.south) {am$_4$};
\node [anchor=center] (t5) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s5.south) {satisfied$_5$};
\node [anchor=center] (t) at ([xshift=-1.3em]t1.west) {$\mathbf{t}''=$};
\end{scope}
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s1.south) -- (t1.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s2.south) -- (t2.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s3.south) -- (t3.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s4.south) -- (t4.north);
\draw [-,thick,ublue,dashed] (s5.south) -- (t5.north);
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
&{ \tikz{\node[minimum height=3em]{\small{0.0023}{\color{red}\small{$\times$0.0009}}};}}\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-the-optimal-solution-to-an-objective-function.tex 0 → 100644
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.8]
\draw [-,very thick] (0,0) sin (1,1) cos (2,0) sin (3,-1) cos (4,0) sin (7,-1);
\draw [-latex,thick] (-0.5,-1.2) -- (8,-1.2);
\draw [-latex,thick] (-0.5,-1.2) -- (-0.5,1.3);
\draw [-,dashed] (1,1) -- (1,-1.2);
\node [anchor=north] at (1,-1.2) {\scriptsize{参数$x$的最优解}};
\node [anchor=center] at (1,-1.2) {$\bullet$};
\node [anchor=center] at (1,1) {$\bullet$};
\node [anchor=west] at (1.3,1) {\scriptsize{目标函数$f(x)$的最大值}};
\draw [<-] (6.5,-0.8) -- (7.0,-0.3);
\node [anchor=south west,inner sep=1pt] at (7.0,-0.3) {\scriptsize{$f(x)$}};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-translation-pipeline.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\definecolor{ugreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
\definecolor{ublue}{rgb}{0.152,0.250,0.545}
\node [anchor=west] (sent) at (0,0) {\scriptsize{源文：我对你感到满意}};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=10.5em,minimum height=1.2em] (sent-1) at (0,0) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,red] (s1) at ([xshift=0.15em,yshift=-2.7em]sent.south west) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,ugreen] (s2) at ([xshift=1.3em]s1.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,orange] (s3) at ([xshift=1.3em]s2.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,ublue] (s4) at ([xshift=1.3em]s3.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,purple] (s5) at ([xshift=1.3em]s4.east) {};
{
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,red,fill=red] (t1) at ([yshift=-2.5em]s1.west) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,ugreen,fill=ugreen] (t2) at ([xshift=1.3em]t1.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,orange,fill=orange] (t3) at ([xshift=1.3em]t2.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,ublue,fill=ublue] (t4) at ([xshift=1.3em]t3.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,purple,fill=purple] (t5) at ([xshift=1.3em]t4.east) {};
}
{
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,red,fill=red] (ft1) at ([yshift=-2.5em]t1.west) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,ublue,fill=ublue] (ft2) at ([xshift=1.3em]ft1.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,purple,fill=purple] (ft3) at ([xshift=1.3em]ft2.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,ugreen,fill=ugreen] (ft4) at ([xshift=1.3em]ft3.east) {};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,circle,minimum size=0.3em,orange,fill=orange] (ft5) at ([xshift=1.3em]ft4.east) {};
}
\draw [->,thick,double] ([yshift=-0.1em]sent-1.south) -- ([yshift=-1.0em]sent-1.south);
{
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s1.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t1.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s2.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t2.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s3.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t3.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s4.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t4.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]s5.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]t5.north);
}
{
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]t1.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]ft1.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]t2.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]ft4.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]t3.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]ft5.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]t4.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]ft2.north);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=-0.1em]t5.south) -- ([yshift=0.1em]ft3.north);
}
{
\node [anchor=north west] (label1) at ([xshift=0.6em,yshift=0.0em]sent-1.south east) {{分析}};
\node [anchor=north west] (label2) at ([yshift=-1.8em]label1.south west) {{转换}};
\node [anchor=north west] (label3) at ([yshift=-1.3em]label2.south west) {{生成}};
}
{\scriptsize
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=west] (ss1) at ([xshift=-1.6em,yshift=1.5em]s1.east) {我};
\node [anchor=west] (ss2) at ([xshift=1.4em]ss1.east) {对};
\node [anchor=west] (ss3) at ([xshift=1.5em]ss2.east) {你};
\node [anchor=west] (ss4) at ([xshift=1.0em]ss3.east) {感到};
\node [anchor=west] (ss5) at ([xshift=0.4em]ss4.east) {满意};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=-3em]
\node [anchor=west] (tt1) at ([xshift=-1.2em,yshift=-1.5em]ft1.east) {I};
\node [anchor=west] (tt2) at ([xshift=1.7em,yshift=-0.1em]tt1.east) {am};
\node [anchor=west] (tt3) at ([xshift=0.3em,yshift=0.1em]tt2.east) {satisfied};
\node [anchor=west] (tt4) at ([xshift=-0.1em]tt3.east) {with};
\node [anchor=west] (tt5) at ([xshift=0.7em,yshift=-0.2em]tt4.east) {you};
\end{scope}
}
\node [anchor=west] (sent2) at ([xshift=-3.0em,yshift=-1.8em]tt2.south) {\scriptsize{译文：I am satisfied with you }};
\node [anchor=west,draw,thick,minimum width=10.5em,minimum height=1.2em] (sent-2) at ([xshift=-3.0em,yshift=-1.8em]tt2.south) {};
\draw [->,thick,double] ([yshift=1.0em]sent-2.north) -- ([yshift=0.1em]sent-2.north);
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
%\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick, inner sep=0mm] [fit =(sent)] {};
%\node[rectangle,draw=ublue,thick, inner sep=0mm] [fit =(sent2)] {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-word-alignment&probability-distribution-in-ibm-model-3.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% 简易机器翻译系统 - step 3 decoding - example
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.6]
\node [anchor=west] (eq1) at (0,0) {吃};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {早饭};
\node [anchor=north] (eq3) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq1.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north] (eq4) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq2.south) {breakfast};
\node [anchor=east] (eq5) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq1.west) {$\mathbf{a}_{1}$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq6) at ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq2.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{a}_{1}|\mathbf{t})=0.5$};
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq3.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq4.north);
\node [anchor=west] (eq7) at ([xshift=13.1em,yshift=1.4em]eq2.east) {};
\node [anchor=west] (eq8) at ([xshift=13.1em,yshift=-25.6em]eq2.east) {};
\node [anchor=south] (eq9) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq7.north) {吃早饭 $\Leftrightarrow $ have breakfast};
\draw [-,very thick,dotted](eq7.south) -- (eq8.north);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.6,xshift=0.0,yshift=-10.0em]
\node [anchor=west] (eq1) at (0,0) {吃};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {早饭};
\node [anchor=north] (eq3) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq1.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north] (eq4) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq2.south) {breakfast};
\node [anchor=east] (eq5) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq1.west) {$\mathbf{a}_{2}$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq6) at ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq2.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{a}_{2}|\mathbf{t})=0.1$};
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq4.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq3.north);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.6,xshift=0.0,yshift=-20.0em]
\node [anchor=west] (eq1) at (0,0) {吃};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {早饭};
\node [anchor=north] (eq3) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq1.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north] (eq4) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq2.south) {breakfast};
\node [anchor=east] (eq5) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq1.west) {$\mathbf{a}_{3}$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq6) at ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq2.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{a}_{3}|\mathbf{t})=0.1$};
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq3.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq3.north);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.6,xshift=29.0em,yshift=0.0em]
\node [anchor=west] (eq1) at (0,0) {吃};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {早饭};
\node [anchor=north] (eq3) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq1.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north] (eq4) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq2.south) {breakfast};
\node [anchor=east] (eq5) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq1.west) {$\mathbf{a}_{4}$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq6) at ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq2.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{a}_{4}|\mathbf{t})=0.1$};
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq4.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq4.north);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.6,xshift=29.0em,yshift=-10.0em]
\node [anchor=west] (eq1) at (0,0) {吃};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {早饭};
\node [anchor=north] (eq3) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq1.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north] (eq4) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq2.south) {breakfast};
\node [anchor=east] (eq5) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq1.west) {$\mathbf{a}_{5}$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq6) at ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq2.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{a}_{5}|\mathbf{t})=0.05$};
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq3.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq4.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq3.north);
\node [anchor=west,very thick,draw=red,minimum width=1.5em,minimum height=1.5em] (w1) at (eq5.west){};
\node [anchor=west,very thick,draw=red,minimum width=7.7em,minimum height=1.5em] (w2) at (eq6.west){};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[scale=0.6,xshift=29.0em,yshift=-20.0em]
\node [anchor=west] (eq1) at (0,0) {吃};
\node [anchor=west] (eq2) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=0.0em]eq1.east) {早饭};
\node [anchor=north] (eq3) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq1.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north] (eq4) at ([xshift=0.0em,yshift=-2.0em]eq2.south) {breakfast};
\node [anchor=east] (eq5) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq1.west) {$\mathbf{a}_{6}$};
\node [anchor=west] (eq6) at ([xshift=1.0em,yshift=-1.8em]eq2.east) {$\textrm{P}(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{a}_{6}|\mathbf{t})=0.05$};
\draw [-,very thick](eq1.south) -- (eq3.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq4.north);
\draw [-,very thick](eq2.south) -- (eq3.north);
\node [anchor=west,very thick,draw=red,minimum width=1.5em,minimum height=1.5em] (w1) at (eq5.west){};
\node [anchor=west,very thick,draw=red,minimum width=7.7em,minimum height=1.5em] (w2) at (eq6.west){};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-word-alignment-instance.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{\small
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s1) at (0,0) {$s_1$:在};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s2) at ([xshift=1em]s1.east) {$s_2$:桌子};
\node [anchor=west,inner sep=2pt] (s3) at ([xshift=1em]s2.east) {$s_3$:上};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt] (t1) at ([yshift=-1.7em]s1.center) {$t_1$:on};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt] (t2) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s2.center) {$t_2$:the};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt] (t3) at ([yshift=-1.6em]s3.center) {$t_3$:table};
\node [anchor=east,inner sep=2pt] (t0) at ([xshift=-1.5em]t1.west) {$t_0$};
\draw [-] (s1.south) -- (t0.north);
\draw [-] (s2.south) -- (t3.north);
\draw [-] (s3.south) -- (t1.north);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
Book2.0/Chapter3/Figures/figure-word-alignment.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
{
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north west,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em] (s11) at (0,0) {};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s1) at ([xshift=2em]s11.east) {我};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s2) at ([xshift=2em]s1.east) {改变};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s3) at ([xshift=2em]s2.east) {主意};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s4) at ([xshift=2em]s3.east) {了};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=west,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=green!30,drop shadow] (s5) at ([xshift=2em]s4.east) {。};
\node [anchor=south] (nu1) at (s1.north) {1};
\node [anchor=south] (nu2) at (s2.north) {2};
\node [anchor=south] (nu3) at (s3.north) {3};
\node [anchor=south] (nu4) at (s4.north) {4};
\node [anchor=south] (nu5) at (s5.north) {5};
}
{
{\footnotesize
\node [anchor=north,rectangle,draw,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (t1) at ([yshift=-3.5em]s11.south) {$t_0$};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (t2) at ([yshift=-3.5em]s1.south) {I};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (t3) at ([yshift=-3.5em]s2.south) {changed};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (t4) at ([yshift=-3.5em]s3.south) {my};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (t5) at ([yshift=-3.5em]s4.south) {mind};
\node [rectangle,draw,anchor=north,line width=1pt,minimum height=2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!30,drop shadow] (t6) at ([yshift=-3.5em]s5.south) {.};
\node [anchor=north] (nd1) at (t2.south) {[1]};
\node [anchor=north] (nd2) at (t3.south) {[2]};
\node [anchor=north] (nd3) at (t5.south) {[3]};
\node [anchor=north] (nd4) at (t6.south) {[4]};
}
\draw [->,thick] (s1.south) -- (t2.north);
\draw [->,thick] (s2.south) -- (t3.north);
\draw [->,thick] (s3.south) -- (t5.north);
\draw [->,thick] (s4.south) -- (t1.north);
\draw [->,thick] (s5.south) -- (t6.north);
}
\node [anchor=east] (ss) at ([xshift=-0.5em]s1.west) {$\mathbf{s}$};
\node [anchor=east] (tt) at ([xshift=-0.5em]t1.west) {$\mathbf{t}$};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
%---------------------------------------------------------------------
\ No newline at end of file
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