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%%% 什么是解码
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[minimum height = 16pt]

\node[anchor=east] (s0) at (-0.8em, 0) {$\textbf{s}$：};
\node[anchor=west] (s1) at (0, 0) {桌子};
\node[anchor=west] (s2) at ([xshift=2em]s1.east) {上};
\node[anchor=west] (s3) at ([xshift=2.3em]s2.east) {有};
\node[anchor=west] (s4) at ([xshift=2em]s3.east) {一个};
\node[anchor=west] (s5) at ([xshift=1.6em]s4.east) {苹果};

{\tiny
\node[anchor=south,blue] (fn1) at ([xshift=-2.7em,yshift=-0.5em]s1.south) {0};
\node[anchor=south,blue] (fn1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=-0.5em]s1.south) {1};
\node[anchor=south,blue] (fn1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=-0.5em]s2.south) {2};
\node[anchor=south,blue] (fn1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=-0.5em]s3.south) {3};
\node[anchor=south,blue] (fn1) at ([xshift=3.5em,yshift=-0.5em]s4.south) {4};
\node[anchor=south,blue] (fn1) at ([xshift=2.5em,yshift=-0.5em]s5.south) {5};
}

\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t11) at ([yshift=-0.5em]s1.south) {table};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl11) at (t11.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{0-1}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t12) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t11.south) {desk};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl12) at (t12.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{0-1}}}};

\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t21) at ([yshift=-0.5em]s2.south) {on};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl21) at (t21.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1-2}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t22) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t21.south) {up};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl22) at (t22.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1-2}}}};

\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3.4em] (t31) at ([yshift=-0.5em]s3.south) {have};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl31) at (t31.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2-3}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3.4em] (t32) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t31.south) {there is};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl32) at (t32.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2-3}}}};

\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t41) at ([yshift=-0.5em]s4.south) {one};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl41) at (t41.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{3-4}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t42) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t41.south) {an};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl42) at (t42.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{3-4}}}};

\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t51) at ([yshift=-0.5em]s5.south) {apple};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl51) at (t51.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{4-5}}}};
\node [anchor=north,inner sep=2pt,fill=purple!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=3em] (t52) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t51.south) {apples};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl52) at (t52.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{4-5}}}};

\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=7.2em] (t13) at ([yshift=-4.7em]t12.south west) {on table};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl13) at (t13.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{0-2}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=7.2em] (t14) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t13.south west) {on the table};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl14) at (t14.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{0-2}}}};

\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=7.35em] (t43) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t42.south west) {one apple};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl43) at (t43.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{3-5}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=orange!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=7.35em] (t44) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t43.south west) {an apple};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl44) at (t44.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{3-5}}}};

\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=green!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=7.25em] (t23) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t22.south west) {upon there};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl23) at (t23.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{1-3}}}};

\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=red!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=11.5em] (t15) at ([yshift=-2.45em]t12.south west) {upon the table};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl15) at (t15.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{0-3}}}};

\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=11.8em] (t33) at ([yshift=-4.7em]t32.south west) {there is an apple};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl33) at (t33.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2-5}}}};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=2pt,fill=blue!20,minimum height=2em,minimum width=11.8em] (t34) at ([yshift=-0.2em]t33.south west) {have an apple...};
\node [anchor=north west,inner sep=1pt,fill=black,minimum height=0.5em] (tl34) at (t34.north west) {\tiny{{\color{white} \textbf{2-5}}}};

\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}