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Chapter10/chapter10.tex
......@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ NMT & 21.7 & 18.7 & -13.7 \\
% NEW SECTION 10.3
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\sectionnewpage
\section{基于循环神经网络的模型}
\section{基于循环神经网络的翻译建模}
\parinterval 早期神经机器翻译的进展主要来自两个方面：1）使用循环神经网络对单词序列进行建模；2）注意力机制的使用。表\ref{tab:10-6}列出了2013-2015年间有代表性的部分研究工作。从这些工作的内容上看，当时的研究重点还是如何有效地使用循环神经网络进行翻译建模以及使用注意力机制捕捉双语单词序列间的对应关系。
......
Chapter11/chapter11.tex
......@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@
% NEW SECTION
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\section{基于卷积神经网络的模型}
\section{基于卷积神经网络的翻译建模}
\parinterval 正如之前所讲，卷积神经网络可以用于序列建模，同时具有并行性高和易于学习的特点，一个很自然的想法就是将其用作神经机器翻译模型中的特征提取器。因此，在神经机器翻译被提出之初，研究人员就已经开始利用卷积神经网络对句子进行特征提取。比较经典的模型是使用卷积神经网络作为源语言句子的编码器，使用循环神经网络作为目标语译文生成的解码器\upcite{kalchbrenner-blunsom-2013-recurrent,Gehring2017ACE}。之后也有研究人员提出完全基于卷积神经网络的翻译模型（ConvS2S）\upcite{DBLP:journals/corr/GehringAGYD17}，或者针对卷积层进行改进，提出效率更高、性能更好的模型\upcite{Kaiser2018DepthwiseSC,Wu2019PayLA}。本节将基于ConvS2S模型，阐述如何使用卷积神经网络搭建端到端神经机器翻译模型。
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-application-process-of-back-translation.tex
......@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
\node [anchor=west,fill=red!20,inner sep=0.1em,minimum width=3em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,rounded corners=2pt](node4-1) at ([xshift=2.0em,yshift=1.6em]node3-2.east){\scriptsize{英语}};
\node [anchor=north,fill=green!20,inner sep=0.1em,minimum width=3em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,rounded corners=2pt](node4-2) at (node4-1.south){\scriptsize{英语}};
\node [anchor=west,fill=green!20,inner sep=0.1em,minimum width=3em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,rounded corners=2pt](node4-3) at (node4-1.east){\scriptsize{汉语}};
\node [anchor=west,fill=yellow!20,inner sep=0.1em,minimum width=3em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,rounded corners=2pt](node4-3) at (node4-1.east){\scriptsize{汉语}};
\node [anchor=north,fill=green!20,inner sep=0.1em,minimum width=3em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,rounded corners=2pt](node4-4) at (node4-3.south){\scriptsize{汉语}};
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-contrast-of-traditional-machine-learning&transfer-learning.tex
......@@ -4,26 +4,26 @@
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{node}=[rounded corners=2pt,draw,minimum width=5em,minimum height=2em,drop shadow,font=\footnotesize]
\node[node,fill=blue!20] (nmt1) at (0,0){NMT系统1};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=yellow!20] (nmt2) at ([xshift=1em]nmt1.east){NMT系统2};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=red!20] (nmt3) at ([xshift=1em]nmt2.east){NMT系统3};
\node[node,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (nmt1) at (0,0){NMT系统1};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=yellow!20,line width=0.6pt] (nmt2) at ([xshift=1em]nmt1.east){NMT系统2};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (nmt3) at ([xshift=1em]nmt2.east){NMT系统3};
\node[node,anchor=south,fill=blue!20] (n1) at ([yshift=2.4em]nmt1.north){我不悦};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=yellow!20] (n2) at ([xshift=1em]n1.east){我不开心};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=red!20] (n3) at ([xshift=1em]n2.east){吾怀忳忳};
\node[node,anchor=south,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (n1) at ([yshift=2.4em]nmt1.north){我不悦};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=yellow!20,line width=0.6pt] (n2) at ([xshift=1em]n1.east){我不开心};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (n3) at ([xshift=1em]n2.east){吾怀忳忳};
\node[node,anchor=south,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.6em] (task1) at ([yshift=2.6em]n2.north){不同任务};
\node[node,anchor=south,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.6em,line width=0.6pt] (task1) at ([yshift=2.6em]n2.north){不同任务};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.6em] (task2) at ([xshift=8em]task1.east){源任务};
\node[node,anchor=north,minimum height=3.2em,fill=orange!20] (n4) at ([yshift=-2em]task2.south){};
\node[draw,anchor=north,cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum width=3em,aspect=0.4,fill=orange!20] (kd) at ([yshift=-1.7em]n4.south){\footnotesize 知识};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.6em,line width=0.6pt] (task2) at ([xshift=8em]task1.east){源任务};
\node[node,anchor=north,minimum height=3.2em,fill=orange!20,line width=0.6pt] (n4) at ([yshift=-2em]task2.south){};
\node[draw,anchor=north,cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum width=3em,aspect=0.4,fill=orange!20,line width=0.6pt] (kd) at ([yshift=-1.7em]n4.south){\footnotesize 知识};
\node[draw,minimum width=4em,font=\scriptsize,anchor=north,inner ysep=2pt,fill=blue!20] at ([yshift=-2.35em]task2.south){我不悦};
\node[draw,minimum width=4em,font=\scriptsize,anchor=north,inner ysep=2pt,fill=yellow!20] at ([yshift=-3.75em]task2.south){我不开心};
\node[draw,minimum width=4em,font=\scriptsize,anchor=north,inner ysep=2pt,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] at ([yshift=-2.35em]task2.south){我不悦};
\node[draw,minimum width=4em,font=\scriptsize,anchor=north,inner ysep=2pt,fill=yellow!20,line width=0.6pt] at ([yshift=-3.75em]task2.south){我不开心};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.6em] (task3) at ([xshift=3em]task2.east){目标任务};
\node[node,anchor=north,fill=red!20] (n5) at ([yshift=-2.5em]task3.south){吾怀忳忳};
\node[node,anchor=north,fill=red!20] (sys) at ([yshift=-2.5em]n5.south){学习系统};
\node[node,anchor=west,fill=green!20,minimum height=1.6em,line width=0.6pt] (task3) at ([xshift=3em]task2.east){目标任务};
\node[node,anchor=north,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (n5) at ([yshift=-2.5em]task3.south){吾怀忳忳};
\node[node,anchor=north,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (sys) at ([yshift=-2.5em]n5.south){学习系统};
\draw[->,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em,xshift=-0.7em]task1.-145) -- node[left,font=\scriptsize,yshift=0.2em]{书面语}([yshift=0.2em]n1.90);
\draw[->,thick] ([yshift=-0.2em]task1.-90) -- node[right,font=\scriptsize,yshift=0.2em,xshift=-0.2em]{口语}([yshift=0.2em]n2.90);
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-knowledge-distillation-based-translation-process.tex
......@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20] (x) at (0,0) {$\seq{x}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (x) at (0,0) {$\seq{x}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=red!15] (p) at (0,-2.4) {$\seq{p}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (p) at (0,-2.4) {$\seq{p}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20] (y) at (2.4,-1.2) {$\seq{y}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (y) at (2.4,-1.2) {$\seq{y}$};
\draw[-,dashed,thick,black!50] (x.-90) -- (p.90);
\draw[-,dashed,thick,black!50] (p.0) -- (y.-135);
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-multi-language-single-model-system-diagram.tex
......@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{lan}=[font=\footnotesize,inner ysep=2pt,minimum height=1em]
\node[minimum height=3em,minimum width=8em,fill=orange!20,draw,rounded corners=2pt,align=center] (sys) at (0,0){多语言 \\ 单模型系统};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20,rounded corners=1pt] (en) at (-3em,4em){英语};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20,rounded corners=1pt] (fr) at (3em,4em){法语};
\node[minimum height=3em,minimum width=8em,fill=orange!20,draw,rounded corners=2pt,align=center,line width=0.6pt] (sys) at (0,0){多语言 \\ 单模型系统};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=red!20,rounded corners=1pt,line width=0.6pt] (en) at (-3em,4em){英语};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=red!20,rounded corners=1pt,line width=0.6pt] (fr) at (3em,4em){法语};
\node[minimum width=4em] at (6.6em,4em){$\dots$};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=yellow!20,rounded corners=1pt] (de) at (-3em,-4em){德语};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=yellow!20,rounded corners=1pt] (sp) at (3em,-4em){西班牙语};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20,rounded corners=1pt,line width=0.6pt] (de) at (-3em,-4em){德语};
\node[draw,font=\footnotesize,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20,rounded corners=1pt,line width=0.6pt] (sp) at (3em,-4em){西班牙语};
\node[minimum width=4em] at (6.6em,-4em){$\dots$};
\draw[->,thick] (en.-90) -- ([xshift=-1em]sys.90);
......@@ -18,27 +18,21 @@
\node[font=\footnotesize] (train) at (11em,7em) {\small\bfnew{训练阶段：}};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (pair1) at ([yshift=-1em,xshift=1em]train.south) {双语句对1：};
\node[anchor=west,draw=blue!40,lan,minimum width=9.8em,fill=blue!20] (box1) at ([yshift=.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair1.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,lan] at ([yshift=.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair1.east) {英语：{\color{red}<spanish>} \ hello};
\node[anchor=west,draw=yellow!40,lan,minimum width=9.8em,fill=yellow!20] (box2) at ([yshift=-.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair1.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,lan] at ([yshift=-.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair1.east) {西班牙语：hola};
\node[anchor=west,lan](train1) at ([yshift=.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair1.east) {英语：{\color{red}<spanish>} \ hello};
\node[anchor=west,lan](train2) at ([yshift=-.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair1.east) {西班牙语：hola};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (pair2) at ([yshift=-4.5em,xshift=1em]train.south) {双语句对2：};
\node[anchor=west,draw=blue!40,lan,minimum width=9.8em,fill=blue!20] (box3) at ([yshift=.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair2.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,lan] at ([yshift=.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair2.east) {法语：{\color{red}<german>} \ Bonjour};
\node[anchor=west,draw=yellow!40,lan,minimum width=9.8em,fill=yellow!20] (box4) at ([yshift=-.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair2.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,lan] at ([yshift=-.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair2.east) {德语：Hallo};
\node[anchor=west,lan](train3) at ([yshift=.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair2.east) {法语：{\color{red}<german>} \ Bonjour};
\node[anchor=west,lan](train4) at ([yshift=-.7em,xshift=0.4em]pair2.east) {德语：Hallo};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (decode) at ([yshift=-8em]train.south) {\small\bfnew{解码阶段：}};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (input) at ([yshift=-0.6em]decode.south) {输入：};
\node[anchor=west,draw=blue!40,lan,minimum width=9.8em,fill=blue!20] (box5) at ([xshift=0.4em]input.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,lan] at ([xshift=0.4em]input.east) {英语：{\color{red}<german>} \ hello};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (output) at ([yshift=-2.6em]decode.south) {输出：};
\node[anchor=west,draw=yellow!40,lan,minimum width=9.8em,fill=yellow!20] (box6) at ([xshift=0.4em]output.east) {};
\node[anchor=west,lan] at ([xshift=0.4em]output.east) {德语：Hallo};
\node[anchor=north,lan,minimum width=9.8em] (box7) at ([yshift=-2em]box4.south) {};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (input) at ([xshift=2.13em,yshift=-0.6em]decode.south) {输入：};
\node[anchor=west,lan](decode2) at ([xshift=0.4em]input.east) {英语：{\color{red}<german>} \ hello};
\node[anchor=north,font=\footnotesize] (output) at ([xshift=2.13em,yshift=-2.6em]decode.south) {输出：};
\node[anchor=west,lan](decode3) at ([xshift=0.4em]output.east) {德语：Hallo};
\node[anchor=north,lan,minimum width=9.8em] (box7) at ([yshift=-4em]train3.south) {};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[fill=red!15,draw=red!30,rounded corners=2pt,inner ysep=6pt,line width=1pt][fit=(train)(box4)]{};
\node[fill=green!20,,draw=green!40,rounded corners=2pt,inner ysep=6pt,line width=1pt][fit=(decode)(box7)(box6)]{};
\node[fill=red!20,draw=black,rounded corners=2pt,inner ysep=6pt,line width=1pt][fit=(train)(train4)(train1)(train2)(train3)]{};
\node[fill=blue!20,,draw=black,rounded corners=2pt,inner ysep=6pt,line width=1pt][fit=(decode)(output)(decode2)(decode3)(box7)]{};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-multitask-learning-in-machine-translation-1.tex 0 → 100644
%%% outline
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{rec} = [line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em]
\node [anchor=center] (node1-1) at (0,0) {\small{$y'$}};
\node[anchor=north,rec,fill=blue!20](node1-2) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node1-1.south) {\small{解码器}};
\node[anchor=north,rec,fill=red!20](node1-3) at ([yshift=-2em]node1-2.south) {\small{编码器}};
\node[anchor=east](node1-5) at ([xshift=-2em]node1-2.west) {\small{$y$}};
\node[anchor=north](node1-4) at ([yshift=-2em]node1-3.south) {\small{$x$}};
\draw [->,thick](node1-4.north)--(node1-3.south);
\draw [->,thick](node1-5.east)--(node1-2.west);
\draw [->,thick](node1-3.north)--(node1-2.south);
\draw [->,thick](node1-2.north)--(node1-1.south);
\node [anchor=center] (node2-1) at ([xshift=12.0em]node1-1.east) {\small{$y'$}};
\node[anchor=north,rec,fill=blue!20](node2-2) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node2-1.south) {\small{解码器}};
\node[anchor=north,rec,fill=red!20](node2-3) at ([yshift=-2em]node2-2.south) {\small{编码器}};
\node[anchor=east](node2-5) at ([xshift=-2em]node2-2.west) {\small{$y$}};
\node[anchor=north](node2-4) at ([yshift=-2em]node2-3.south) {\small{$x$}};
\node[anchor=west,rec,fill=yellow!20](node2-6) at ([xshift=3.0em]node2-3.east) {\small{解码器}};
\node[anchor=south](node2-7) at ([yshift=2em]node2-6.north) {\small{$x'$}};
\draw [->,thick](node2-4.north)--(node2-3.south);
\draw [->,thick](node2-5.east)--(node2-2.west);
\draw [->,thick](node2-3.north)--(node2-2.south)node[pos=0.5,left,font=\scriptsize]{翻译};
\draw [->,thick](node2-2.north)--(node2-1.south);
\draw [->,thick](node2-3.east)--(node2-6.west)node[pos=0.5,above,font=\scriptsize]{重排序};
\draw [->,thick](node2-6.north)--(node2-7.south);
\node [anchor=north](pos1) at ([yshift=0em]node1-4.south) {\small{(a)单任务学习}};
\node [anchor=west](pos2) at ([xshift=10.0em]pos1.east) {\small{(b)多任务学习}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\ No newline at end of file
Chapter16/Figures/figure-target-side-multi-task-learning.tex → Chapter16/Figures/figure-multitask-learning-in-machine-translation-2.tex
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
\node [anchor=center] (node1-1) at (0,0) {\small{$y'$}};
\node[anchor=south,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20](node1-2) at ([yshift=-3em]node1-1.south) {\small{softmax}};
\node[anchor=south,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=blue!20](node1-2) at ([yshift=-3em]node1-1.south) {\small{Softmax}};
\node[anchor=north,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!20](node1-3) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node1-2.south) {\small{Decoder}};
\node[anchor=north,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4em,fill=yellow!20](node3-3) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node1-3.south) {\small{LM}};
\node[anchor=north,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=blue!20](node1-3) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node1-2.south) {\small{解码器}};
\node[anchor=north,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=yellow!20](node3-3) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node1-3.south) {\small{语言模型}};
\node[anchor=west,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20](node3-2) at ([xshift=2em]node3-3.east) {\small{softmax}};
\node[anchor=west,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=blue!20](node3-2) at ([xshift=2em]node3-3.east) {\small{Softmax}};
\node [anchor=north] (node3-1) at ([yshift=3.0em]node3-2.north) {\small{$z'$}};
\node[anchor=north](node3-41) at ([xshift=-0.6em,yshift=-2em]node3-3.south) {\small{$y$}};
\node[anchor=north](node3-42) at ([xshift=0.6em,yshift=-2em]node3-3.south) {\small{$z$}};
\node[anchor=east,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!20](node2-1) at ([xshift=-2em]node1-3.west) {\small{Encoder}};
\node[anchor=east,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=red!20](node2-1) at ([xshift=-2em]node1-3.west) {\small{编码器}};
\node[anchor=north](node2-2) at ([yshift=-2em]node2-1.south) {\small{$x$}};
......@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@
\node [anchor=east] (node2-1-1) at ([xshift=-12.0em,yshift=-4.25em]node1-1.west) {\small{$y'$}};
\node[anchor=south,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4em,fill=blue!20](node2-1-2) at ([yshift=-3em]node2-1-1.south) {\small{softmax}};
\node[anchor=north,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!20](node2-1-3) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node2-1-2.south) {\small{Decoder}};
\node[anchor=east,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4em,fill=red!20](node2-2-1) at ([xshift=-2em]node2-1-3.west) {\small{Encoder}};
\node[anchor=south,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=1.5em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=blue!20](node2-1-2) at ([yshift=-3em]node2-1-1.south) {\small{Softmax}};
\node[anchor=north,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=blue!20](node2-1-3) at ([yshift=-2.0em]node2-1-2.south) {\small{解码器}};
\node[anchor=east,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=red!20](node2-2-1) at ([xshift=-2em]node2-1-3.west) {\small{编码器}};
\node[anchor=north](node2-2-2) at ([yshift=-2em]node2-2-1.south) {\small{$x$}};
\node[anchor=north](node2-2-3) at ([yshift=-2em]node2-1-3.south) {\small{$y$}};
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-optimization-of-the-model-initialization-method.tex
......@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
% ,minimum height =1em,minimum width=2em
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,very thick,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em]
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,line width=0.6pt,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em]
\tikzstyle{word} = [inner sep=3.5pt]
\node[circle](data) at (0,0) {数据};
\node[circle](model) at ([xshift=5em]data.east) {模型};
\node[circle,fill=red!20](data) at (0,0) {数据};
\node[circle,fill=blue!20](model) at ([xshift=5em]data.east) {模型};
\node[word] (init) at ([xshift=-5em]data.west){初始化};
\draw[->,very thick] (init.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]data.west);
\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]data.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]model.north) node[above,midway] {参数优化};
\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]model.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]data.south) node[below,midway] {数据优化};
\draw[->,thick] (init.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]data.west);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=1pt]data.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]model.north) node[above,midway] {参数优化};
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=1pt]model.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]data.south) node[below,midway] {数据优化};
\node[word] at ([yshift=-5em]data.south){（a）思路1};
\node[word] at ([xshift=-0.5em,yshift=-5em]data.south){（a）思路1};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
......@@ -22,18 +22,18 @@
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
% ,minimum height =1em,minimum width=2em
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,very thick,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em]
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,line width=0.6pt,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em]
\tikzstyle{word} = [inner sep=3.5pt]
\node[circle](data) at (0,0) {数据};
\node[circle](model) at ([xshift=5em]data.east) {模型};
\node[circle,fill=red!20](data) at (0,0) {数据};
\node[circle,fill=blue!20](model) at ([xshift=5em]data.east) {模型};
\node[word] (init) at ([xshift=5em]model.east){初始化};
\draw[->,very thick] (init.west) -- ([xshift=0.2em]model.east);
\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]data.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]model.north) node[above,midway] {参数优化};
\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]model.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]data.south) node[below,midway] {数据优化};
\draw[->,thick] (init.west) -- ([xshift=0.2em]model.east);
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=1pt]data.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]model.north) node[above,midway] {参数优化};
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=1pt]model.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]data.south) node[below,midway] {数据优化};
\node[word] at ([yshift=-5em]model.south){（b）思路2};
\node[word] at ([xshift=-0.5em,yshift=-5em]model.south){（b）思路2};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-parameter-initialization-method-diagram.tex
......@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{node}=[rounded corners=4pt,draw,minimum height=3em,drop shadow,font=\footnotesize]
\node[node,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!20] (encoder1) at (0,0){\small 编码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!20] (encoder2) at ([xshift=4em,yshift=0em]encoder1.east){\small 编码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=red!20] (encoder3) at ([xshift=3em]encoder2.east){\small 编码器};
\node[node,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (encoder1) at (0,0){\small 编码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (encoder2) at ([xshift=4em,yshift=0em]encoder1.east){\small 编码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=red!40,line width=0.6pt] (encoder3) at ([xshift=3em]encoder2.east){\small 编码器};
\node[node,anchor=north,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!20] (decoder1) at ([yshift=-3em]encoder1.south){\small 解码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!20] (decoder2) at ([xshift=4em,yshift=0em]decoder1.east){\small 解码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=red!20] (decoder3) at ([xshift=3em]decoder2.east){\small 解码器};
\node[node,anchor=north,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (decoder1) at ([yshift=-3em]encoder1.south){\small 解码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (decoder2) at ([xshift=4em,yshift=0em]decoder1.east){\small 解码器};
\node[node,anchor=west,minimum width=6em,minimum height=2.4em,fill=blue!40,line width=0.6pt] (decoder3) at ([xshift=3em]decoder2.east){\small 解码器};
\node[anchor=north,font=\scriptsize,fill=yellow!20] (w1) at ([yshift=-1.6em]decoder1.south){知识 \ 就是 \ 力量 \ 。 \ <EOS>};
\node[anchor=north,font=\scriptsize,fill=green!20] (w3) at ([yshift=-1.6em]decoder3.south){Wissen \ ist \ Machit \ . \ <EOS>};
......@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
\draw[->,thick] (w4.-90) -- (encoder3.90);
\node [anchor=north,single arrow,minimum height=2.2em,fill=blue!20,rotate=-90] (arrow1) at ([yshift=-1.4em,xshift=0.4em]encoder1.south) {};
\node [anchor=north,single arrow,minimum height=2.2em,fill=blue!20,rotate=-90] (arrow2) at ([yshift=-1.4em,xshift=0.4em]encoder2.south) {};
\node [anchor=north,single arrow,minimum height=2.2em,fill=red!20,rotate=-90] (arrow2) at ([yshift=-1.4em,xshift=0.4em]encoder2.south) {};
\node [anchor=north,single arrow,minimum height=2.2em,fill=red!20,rotate=-90] (arrow3) at ([yshift=-1.4em,xshift=0.4em]encoder3.south) {};
\node[anchor=south,yshift=3.4em] at (encoder1.north){\small\bfnew{父模型}};
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-pivot-based-translation-process.tex
......@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20] (x) at (0,0) {$\seq{x}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (x) at (0,0) {$\seq{x}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=red!15] (p) at (2,0) {$\seq{p}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=red!20,line width=0.6pt] (p) at (2,0) {$\seq{p}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20] (y) at (4,0) {$\seq{y}$};
\node[draw,circle,inner sep=2pt,minimum size=2em,fill=blue!20,line width=0.6pt] (y) at (4,0) {$\seq{y}$};
\draw[-,dashed,thick,black!50] (x.0) -- (p.180);
\draw[-,dashed,thick,black!50] (p.0) -- (y.180);
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-schematic-of-the-domain-discriminator.tex 0 → 100644
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{rec} = [,line width=0.6pt,draw,rounded corners,minimum height=2.2em,minimum width=4.3em,fill=blue!20]
\node [anchor=center](node1) at (0,0) {源语言};
\node [anchor=west,rec,fill=red!20](node2) at ([xshift=2.0em]node1.east){编码器};
\node [anchor=west,rec](node3) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=2.0em]node2.east){解码器};
\node [anchor=west,rec,fill=yellow!20](node4) at ([xshift=3.0em,yshift=-2.0em]node2.east){鉴别器};
\draw [->,thick](node1.east)--(node2.west);
\draw [->,thick](node2.east)--([xshift=1.5em]node2.east)--([xshift=1.5em,yshift=2.0em]node2.east)--(node3.west);
\draw [->,thick](node2.east)--([xshift=1.5em]node2.east)--([xshift=1.5em,yshift=-2.0em]node2.east)--(node4.west);
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=5.0em](node5) at ([xshift=2.0em]node3.east) {目标语言};
\node [anchor=west,minimum width=5.0em](node6) at ([xshift=2.0em]node4.east) {< 领域 >};
\draw [->,thick](node3.east)--(node5.west);
\draw [->,thick](node4.east)--(node6.west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\ No newline at end of file
Chapter16/Figures/figure-shared-space-inductive-bilingual-dictionary.tex
......@@ -47,38 +47,38 @@
\node [anchor=south](pos2-2) at ([yshift=-0.5em]pos2.north){\scriptsize{词典}};
%circle1
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!30](c1x1) at ([xshift=-7em,yshift=-1.4em]circle1.east){\tiny{1}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!30](c1x2) at ([xshift=-4.5em,yshift=1.8em]circle1.east){\tiny{2}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!30](c1x3) at ([xshift=-4em,yshift=-0.5em]circle1.east){\tiny{3}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!30](c1x4) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=-2.5em]circle1.east){\tiny{4}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!30](c1x5) at ([xshift=-2em,yshift=1.0em]circle1.east){\tiny{5}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!40](c1x1) at ([xshift=-7em,yshift=-1.4em]circle1.east){\tiny{1}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!40](c1x2) at ([xshift=-4.5em,yshift=1.8em]circle1.east){\tiny{2}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!40](c1x3) at ([xshift=-4em,yshift=-0.5em]circle1.east){\tiny{3}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!40](c1x4) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=-2.5em]circle1.east){\tiny{4}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=60,fill=green!40](c1x5) at ([xshift=-2em,yshift=1.0em]circle1.east){\tiny{5}};
%circle2
\node[cir,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c2a) at ([xshift=-5.3em,yshift=2.15em]circle2.east){\tiny{a}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c2b) at ([xshift=2.0em,yshift=-1.25em]c2a.east){\tiny{b}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c2c) at ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-3.9em]c2a.south){\tiny{c}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c2x) at ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=-1.9em]c2a.south){\tiny{x}};
\node[cir,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c2y) at ([xshift=1.15em,yshift=-2.85em]c2a.east){\tiny{y}};
\node[cir,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c2a) at ([xshift=-5.3em,yshift=2.15em]circle2.east){\tiny{a}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c2b) at ([xshift=2.0em,yshift=-1.25em]c2a.east){\tiny{b}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c2c) at ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-3.9em]c2a.south){\tiny{c}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c2x) at ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=-1.9em]c2a.south){\tiny{x}};
\node[cir,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c2y) at ([xshift=1.15em,yshift=-2.85em]c2a.east){\tiny{y}};
%circle3
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c3x1) at ([xshift=-6.7em,yshift=1.75em]circle3.east){\tiny{1}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c3x2) at ([xshift=4.7em,yshift=-0.95em]c3x1.east){\tiny{2}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c3x3) at ([xshift=2.6em,yshift=-2.4em]c3x1.south){\tiny{3}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c3x4) at ([xshift=0.35em,yshift=-2.7em]c3x1.south){\tiny{4}};
\node[rec,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c3x5) at ([xshift=2.35em,yshift=-3.85em]c3x1.east){\tiny{5}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c3x1) at ([xshift=-6.7em,yshift=1.75em]circle3.east){\tiny{1}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c3x2) at ([xshift=4.7em,yshift=-0.95em]c3x1.east){\tiny{2}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c3x3) at ([xshift=2.6em,yshift=-2.4em]c3x1.south){\tiny{3}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c3x4) at ([xshift=0.35em,yshift=-2.7em]c3x1.south){\tiny{4}};
\node[rec,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c3x5) at ([xshift=2.35em,yshift=-3.85em]c3x1.east){\tiny{5}};
%circle4
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c4x1) at ([xshift=-6.7em,yshift=1.75em]circle4.east){\tiny{1}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c4x2) at ([xshift=4.7em,yshift=-0.95em]c4x1.east){\tiny{2}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c4x3) at ([xshift=2.6em,yshift=-2.4em]c4x1.south){\tiny{3}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c4x4) at ([xshift=0.35em,yshift=-2.7em]c4x1.south){\tiny{4}};
\node[rec,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=green!30] (c4x5) at ([xshift=2.35em,yshift=-3.85em]c4x1.east){\tiny{5}};
\node[rec,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c4x1) at ([xshift=-6.7em,yshift=1.75em]circle4.east){\tiny{1}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c4x2) at ([xshift=4.7em,yshift=-0.95em]c4x1.east){\tiny{2}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c4x3) at ([xshift=2.6em,yshift=-2.4em]c4x1.south){\tiny{3}};
\node[rec,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c4x4) at ([xshift=0.35em,yshift=-2.7em]c4x1.south){\tiny{4}};
\node[rec,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=green!40] (c4x5) at ([xshift=2.35em,yshift=-3.85em]c4x1.east){\tiny{5}};
\node[cir,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c4a) at ([xshift=-5.3em,yshift=2.15em]circle4.east){\tiny{a}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c4b) at ([xshift=2.0em,yshift=-1.25em]c4a.east){\tiny{b}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c4c) at ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-3.9em]c4a.south){\tiny{c}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c4x) at ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=-1.9em]c4a.south){\tiny{x}};
\node[cir,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=red!30] (c4y) at ([xshift=1.15em,yshift=-2.85em]c4a.east){\tiny{y}};
\node[cir,anchor=center,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c4a) at ([xshift=-5.3em,yshift=2.15em]circle4.east){\tiny{a}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c4b) at ([xshift=2.0em,yshift=-1.25em]c4a.east){\tiny{b}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c4c) at ([xshift=0.8em,yshift=-3.9em]c4a.south){\tiny{c}};
\node[cir,anchor=east,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c4x) at ([xshift=-0.3em,yshift=-1.9em]c4a.south){\tiny{x}};
\node[cir,anchor=west,rotate=-30,fill=red!40] (c4y) at ([xshift=1.15em,yshift=-2.85em]c4a.east){\tiny{y}};
\draw [color=red,line width=0.7pt,rotate=18] ([xshift=-5.1em,yshift=3.7em]circle4.east) ellipse (1.6em and 0.9em);
\draw [color=red,line width=0.7pt,rotate=-5] ([xshift=-2.8em,yshift=0.6em]circle4.east) ellipse (1.6em and 0.9em);
......
Chapter16/Figures/figure-unmt-process.tex
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
% ,minimum height =1em,minimum width=2em
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,very thick,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em,align=center]
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,line width=0.6pt,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em,align=center,fill=blue!20]
\tikzstyle{word} = [inner sep=3.5pt]
\node[circle](center) at (0,0) {
\begin{tabular}{c | c}
$s\rightarrow t$ & $t\rightarrow s$ \\
$x\rightarrow y$ & $y\rightarrow x$ \\
模型 & 模型
\end{tabular}
};
\node[circle] (left) at ([xshift=-9em]center.west) {$s\rightarrow t$ \\ 数据};
\node[circle] (right) at ([xshift=9em]center.east) {$t\rightarrow s$ \\ 数据};
\node[circle,fill=red!20] (left) at ([xshift=-9em]center.west) {$x\rightarrow y$ \\ 数据};
\node[circle,fill=red!20] (right) at ([xshift=9em]center.east) {$y\rightarrow x$ \\ 数据};
\node[word] (init) at ([yshift=6em]center.north){初始化};
\node[circle] (down) at ([yshift=-8em]center.south) {$s,t$ \\ 数据};
\node[circle,fill=red!20] (down) at ([yshift=-8em]center.south) {$x,y$ \\ 数据};
\draw[->,very thick] (init.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]center.north);
\draw[->,very thick] ([yshift=0.2em]down.north) -- ([yshift=-0.2em]center.south) node[pos=.44,midway,align=center] {语言模型\\目标函数\\（模型优化）};
\draw[->,thick] (init.south) -- ([yshift=0.2em]center.north);
\draw[->,thick] ([yshift=0.2em]down.north) -- ([yshift=-0.2em]center.south) node[pos=0.6,midway,align=left,xshift=-2.5em,yshift=0.5em] {语言模型\\目标函数};
\node [anchor=center] at ([yshift=2.0em,xshift=-2.5em]down.north){（模型优化）};
\draw[->,thick] ([yshift=1pt]left.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt,xshift=-2.2em]center.north) node[above,midway,align=center] {翻译模型目标函数\\（模型优化）};
\draw[->,thick] ([yshift=1pt,xshift=-1.8em]center.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]right.north) node[above,pos=0.6,align=center] {回译\\（数据优化）};
\draw[->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]left.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt,xshift=-2.2em]center.north) node[above,midway,align=center] {正常MT目标函数\\（模型优化）};
\draw[->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt,xshift=-1.8em]center.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]right.north) node[above,pos=0.6,align=center] {回译\\（数据优化）};
\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]right.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt,xshift=2.2em]center.south) node[below,midway,align=center] {正常MT目标函数\\（模型优化）};
\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt,xshift=1.8em]center.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]left.south) node[below,pos=0.6,align=center] {回译\\（数据优化）};
%\draw[->,very thick] (init.east) -- ([xshift=-0.2em]data.west);
%\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]data.north) .. controls +(90:2em) and +(90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]model.north) node[above,midway] {参数优化};
%\draw [->,very thick] ([yshift=1pt]model.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]data.south) node[below,midway] {数据优化};
%\node[word] at ([yshift=-5em]data.south){（a）思路1};
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=1pt]right.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt,xshift=2.2em]center.south) node[below,midway,align=center] {翻译模型目标函数\\（模型优化）};
\draw [->,thick] ([yshift=1pt,xshift=1.8em]center.south) .. controls +(-90:2em) and +(-90:2em) .. ([yshift=1pt]left.south) node[below,pos=0.6,align=center] {回译\\（数据优化）};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
Chapter16/Figures/figure-unsupervised-dual-learning-process.tex 0 → 100644
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{circle} = [draw,black,line width=0.6pt,inner sep=3.5pt,rounded corners=4pt,minimum width=2em]
\tikzstyle{word} = [inner sep=3.5pt]
\node [anchor=center] (node1-1) at (0,0) {\small{\seq{x}}};
\node [anchor=west] (node1-2) at ([xshift=0.8em]node1-1.east) {\small{\seq{y}}};
\node [anchor=north] (node1-3) at ([xshift=1.0em]node1-1.south) {\small{翻译模型f}};
\draw [->,line width=0.6pt](node1-1.east)--(node1-2.west);
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[fill=blue!20,inner sep=0.1em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,minimum width=5em,drop shadow,rounded corners=2pt] [fit =(node1-1)(node1-2)(node1-3)] (remark1) {};
}
\end{pgfonlayer}
\node[anchor=north,circle,fill=red!20,minimum width=6.8em](node2) at ([xshift=-6.0em,yshift=-2.0em]remark1.south) {源语言句子$\seq{x}$};
\node[anchor=north,circle,fill=red!20,minimum width=6.8em](node2-2) at ([yshift=-0.2em]node2.south) {新生成句子$\seq{x'}$};
\draw [->,thick]([yshift=0.2em]node2.north).. controls (-1.93,-1.5) and (-2.0,-0.2)..([xshift=-0.2em]remark1.west);
\node[anchor=north,circle,fill=red!20](node3) at ([xshift=6.5em,yshift=-2.0em]remark1.south) {目标语言句子$\seq{x}$};
\draw [->,thick]([xshift=0.2em]remark1.east).. controls (2.9,-0.25) and (2.9,-0.7) ..([yshift=0.2em]node3.north);
\node [anchor=north] (node4-1) at ([xshift=-1.0em,yshift=-7.0em]remark1.south) {\small{\seq{y}}};
\node [anchor=west] (node4-2) at ([xshift=0.8em]node4-1.east) {\small{\seq{x}}};
\node [anchor=north] (node4-3) at ([xshift=1.0em]node4-1.south) {\small{翻译模型g}};
\draw [->,line width=0.6pt](node4-1.east)--(node4-2.west);
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
{
\node[fill=yellow!20,inner sep=0.1em,draw=black,line width=0.6pt,minimum width=5em,drop shadow,rounded corners=2pt] [fit =(node4-1)(node4-2)(node4-3)] (remark2) {};
}
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\draw [->,thick]([xshift=-0.2em]remark2.west).. controls (-0.8,-4.12) and (-1.95,-4.12)..([yshift=-0.2em]node2-2.south);
\draw [->,thick]([yshift=-0.2em]node3.south).. controls (2.9,-3) and (2.9,-4.1)..([xshift=0.2em]remark2.east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\ No newline at end of file
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